botany rev 2 - PT 1 Flashcards
o Sum of all interrelated biochemical processes that take place in a living organism.
Metabolism
Nature’s prime balancing and life supporting system operates between photosynthesis
(anabolism) and respiration (catabolism)
Metabolism
“building up” process of larger molecules from small molecules.
o Energy is used and stored as potential energy
Anabolism
Example: photosynthesis: combines CO2 and water to produce organic compounds such as
carbohydrates.
Anabolism
:
o “breaking down” process of large or complex molecules to smaller molecules
o Energy is released as kinetic energy
Catabolism
: gain of one or more electrons
REDUCTION
Example: respiration: breakdown of
carbohydrates to produce water and carbon dioxide.
Catabolism
: loss of one or more electron
OXIDATION
When an electron is removed, a proton may follow, with the result that a ___ atom is often removed during oxidation and added during reduction
hydrogen
energy carrier that is recycled and reused repeatedly in metabolic processes
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)
ATP production can take place either —– (in the presence of oxygen) or ——- (absence of oxygen).
aerobically and anaerobically
METHODS OF ATP SYNTHESIS
- Photosynthetic Photophosphorylation
- Substrate-level phosphorylation
- Oxidative phosphorylation
Process of making ATP with light energy using electrons from hydrogen and chlorophyll
- Photosynthetic Photophosphorylation
o Occurs during PSII
o On thylakoid membranes, in grana within
chloroplast
o Need enzyme (ATP synthetase & proton pumps)= chemiosmosis
o Has ETC →PSII and PSI
- Photosynthetic Photophosphorylation
o Respiration of high energy compounds
o Occurs in cytosol
o Process of making ATP by rearrangement of bonds
of substrates during glycolysis or Krebs Cycle (No
energy added!)
Substrate-level phosphorylation
