Borgogne Flashcards
Burgundy:
What 5 villages share the Côte de Nuites Village AOC?
What do they mostly produce?
- Fixin (Northern)
- Brochon (Northern)
- Premeaux (Southern)
- Comblanchien (Southern)
- Corgoloin (Southern)
- btwn Dijon and Corgoloin
- continental climate
- produce mostly red wine 89%
- dark berry fruits, earth and spice; except chamb-musigny delegate perfume, silky
- whites elegant, apple
- mainly PN and Chard
- limestone; limestone rich marls
- Marsanny - top qual rose - PN, delegate and fruity
- Musigny has only 1 GC white
Burgundy:
What are the AOCs of Côte-de-Nuits and the Grand Crus?
North to South
- Marsannay - Fruity rose
- Fixin
- Gevrey-Chambrtin (9 GCs)
- 1. Chambertin
- 2. Chambertin Clos de Bèze
- 3. Chapelle-Chambertin
- 4. Charmes-Chambertin
- 5. Mazoyères-Chambertin
- 6. Griotte-Chambertin
- 7. Latricières-Chambertin
- 8. Mazis-Chambertin
- 9. Ruchottes-Chambertin - Morey-St-Denis (5 GCs)
- 1. Clos-de-la-Roch
- 2. Clos St Denis
- 3. Clos des Lambrays
- 4. Clos de Tart
- 5. Bonnes Mares - Chambolle-Musigny (2 GCs)
- 1. Bonees Mares
- 2. Musginy - Vougeot (I GC)
- 1. Clos de Vougeot - Vosne-Romanée (8 GCs)
- 1. L Romanee
- 2. Romanee-Conti
- 3. Romanee-St-Vivant
- 4. Richebourg
- 5. La Tache
- 6. Echezeaux
- 7. Grands Echezeaus
- 8. La Grand Rue - Nuits St George
Burgundy:
What are the principle AOCs of Côte de Beaune? (their Grand Cru) from North to South
- Ladoix-Serrigny (2 GCs)
- 1. Corton (red and white GC)
- 2. Corton-Charlemagnee - Aloxe-Corton (3 GCs)
- 1. Aloxe-Corton
- 2. Corton
- 3. Corton-Charlemagne - Pernand-Vergelesses (2 GCs)
- 1. Corton
- 2. Corton-Charlemagne - Chorey-Les-Beaune
- Savigny-Les-Beaune
- Beune
- Pommard (red only)
- Volnay (red only)
- Monthelie = vys lie on the mouth of a comb
- Auxey-Duresses
- Meursault
- St Romain
- Puligny-Montrachet (4 GCs)
- 1. Montrachet
- 2. Bâtard-Montrachet
- 3. Chevalier-Montrachet
- 4. Bienvenues-Bâtard - Chassagne-Montrachet (3GCs)
- 1. Montrachet
- 2. Bâtard-Montrachet
- 3. Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet - Saint-Aubin
- Santenay
- Maranges = southernmost part of the Cote de Beaune
- Cote de Beaune Villages AOC
- All village AOCs have the option to label Cote de Beaune Villages AOC
- Except: Beuane, Aloxe-Corton, Pommard, Volnay
- CdB Village wines exclusively red
- South of Cote de Nuits; north of Cote Chalonnaise
- Most vys face east
- Continental climate
- Chard and PN
- Limestone; limestone rich marls; soils are a little younger than CdNuits
- 57% red; 43% white
- 8 GC all white; only Corton is red and white
- all village appellations can label cote de beuane villages bur for excpetions: beaune, aloxe-corton, pommard and volnay; red only, tannic, acid, red fruit; need bottle age
Burgundy:
What are the need to know AOCs of the Côte Chalonnaise? North to South
Principle villages north to south:
- Bouzeron - known for perfumed Aligote; no red
- Rully - known for Cremant de Bourgogne production
- Mercurey - mostly red wine production
- Givry - mostly red wine production
- Montagny - only white wines
- continental climate
- Chardonnay, Aligote (Bouzeron AOC)
- PN, Gamay, (Coteaux Bourguignons AOC and Passe-Tout Grains AOC)
- Limestone and Marl
- 62% red; 38% white
- red, white, rose and sp
Burgundy:
What are the need to know AOCs of Grand Auxerrois and Châtillonnais?
Grand Auxerrois AOCs:
- Saint-Bris AOC
- whites from SB and SGris; only AOC for these vars
- sw of chablis; only appell in bourg w/ these two grapes - Irancy AOC
- red crafted from PN and up to 10% Cesar (rustic, grip and spice)
- sw of chablis
- soils are portlandian marl
- 67% white; 33% red
Châtillonnais AOC
- top bottling Cremant
- only regional bottlings
- Cremant from PN, Gamay, Chard, Aligote
- 95% white; 5% red
- mostly portlandian marls
- southeastern of chablis; btwn Chab and Dijon
Burgundy:
What are the need to know AOCs of Maconnais?
- Poully-Fouissé: Chardonnay; soils like cote d’or
- Pouilly-Vinzelles, Pouilly-Loche: neighbouring AOCs - Saint-Veran
- once part of Beaujolais, Beaujolais Blanc) - Viré-Clessé
- two villages north of Macon
- Chardonnay
- climate is influenced by Med; lots of sun, warm and dry, mild winters; more pronounced fruit flavours
- Chard, Aligote, PN, Gamay
- Limestone and Marl (some of oldest in in Bourg)
- Granite and schist (only region in Bourg where granite and schist of Beauj appear - as only 1.8 miles north of Beauj)
- 80% is at regional AOC level
- most labelled Macon-Villages or Macon +name of producing village
- 26 villages can append name to regional Macon AOC (Macon-Lugny)
- no red or rose Macon-villages AOC
- red or rose from Macon are labelled Macon, Macon Superieur or Macon +name of village
Burgundy: Chablis:
What are the principle AOCs of Chablis and the lieu-dit of the Grand Cru?
Location?
Soils?
Grand Crus:
- There are 7 climats that share 1 hillside, for this reason they are considered 1 Grand Cru.
Prem Crus:
Kimmeridgean marl; 89 climats along both banks of Serein; vy all on slopes
Chablis AOC - found on the slopes; portlandian
Petits Chablis AOC - found on the plains
Location: slopes of the Serein river Valley: Grand Aux nr Auxerre (west), Tonnerre (east); Chatillonnais (immediately east);
continental w/ maritime influences
Kimmeridgean and portlandian soils
Chardonnay
What is the role of Negociants in Burgundy?
- Companies that buy grapes/wines from growers that are too small
- 52% of wines sold are through negociant
What are the traditional wine making techniques in Burgundy?
- Most ferments are done by wild yeast;
- staying true to the terroir
- They use old oak barrels
- so they don’t impart wood tannins
What role did the church play in Burgundy?
- The churge was the biggestland owner in Burgundy
- Planted many of the first vines
What roles did the dukes have in Burgundy?
Philippe the Bold - outlawed Gamay in Cote d’Or
John the Fearless - asked King Charles for a fixed zone of production
What influences did Napoleon and the revolution have in Bourgogne?
Napoleon:
- issued Napoleonic code which stated inheritable property be divided equally amoung siblings
Revolution:
- Church lands were conviscated and redistributed to the farmers that worked the land
What is the hierarchy withing Burgundy?
How many at each level?
- Grand Cru AOC - 33 AOCs
- Premier Cru AOC - 635 climats
- Village AOC - 44 AOCs
- Regional AOCs - 23 AOCs
What are the primary grapes in Burgundy?
Where are they grown?
- Chardonnay
- Chablis
- Cotes de Beune
- Cote Challonais
- Maconnais - Pinot Noir
- Cotes de Nuits
- Cotes de Beune
Burgundy:
What soils do Chardonnay and Pinot Noir?
Both like limestone soil and limestone rich clays (marls)
What are some of the other vars grown in Burgundy?
And where would you find them?
- Sauv B and Sauv Gris
- St Bris (Chablis
- Aligote
- Challonais Bouzeron
Burgundy:
What is the difference between cremant and champagne?
- Eminent
- must undergo a min of 24 mos ageing sur lie
- vs. standard cremant of 9 mos - Grand Eminent
- must undergo 36 mos ageing sur lie
- 3 mos in cellar between disgorgement and release
- dosage must be less than 1.5%
- min 10% abv - Cremant Blanc
- can onlly be Chard or PN - Rose
- can be up to 20%
What are the differences between New World vs Burgundy Chard and PN?
Burgundy Chard:
- more acidity
- more minerality
- less oak
NW Chard:
- less acidity
- less minerality
- more oak
- more candied malo flavours
Burgundy PN:
- more polished tannins
- less fruit forward
- lighter in colour
NW PN:
- more fruit forward
- more extracted
- grippier tannins
What effect is Global Warming (Le bon Promblèm) having in Burgundy?
- harvest is 10 days earlier
- grapes are chilled before ferments
- shorter maceration period
- grapes more ripe and mature
- punch downs not needed as the compounds are now more easily extracted - pump over instead
What is the climate of Bourg?
Semi - continental
Warmer the further south the rebions are
What are the grape varieties in Bourg?
Primary:
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Ancillary:
Aligote, Sacy, PBlanc (Pinot Beurot), SB
Cesar, Gamay
What are the soils of Bourg?
Limestone (shellfish)
Marl (limestone rich clays)
What is the desired aspect of Bourg?
East facing
What soils do Chard and PN prefer?
Chard - marly
PN - limestone / marl w/ high limestone
What does Grand Cru AOC’s of Bourg represent?
33 - GC vys
- A single vy;
- most have multiple owners
- Name of the vy along with the words of Grand Cru
ie: griotte (village name) -chambertin (vy)
2% of production
What does 1er Cru AOC’s of Bourg represent?
635 - 1er Cru vys
- A single vy;
- name of the vy along with the village name and words Premier Cru or 1er Cru
- if the name of the vy does not appear on the label the wine is a blend of more than one premier cru vy.
10% of the total production
What does Village AOCs of Bourg represent?
44 village wines
- from a zone of production surrounding a specific village
- often a blend of different vy sites
- if from single vy, name of that vy may be on the label
33% of productions
What does a Regional AOC of Bourg represent?
23 Regional AOCs
- made from grapes grown anywhere w/in the bourg or from a specific region w/in the bourg
- Regional wines can indicate:
- grape variety (i.e. bourgogne aligote)
- productions methodd (i.e. cremant de bourgogne)
- region of production (i.e. macon)
- production area (bourgogne chitry)
- a climate / single vineyars (i.e. bourgogne cote saint-jaques)
