Bordeaux Flashcards by Linnea Trampe

Significance of Elanor of Aquitaine

Born in 1137
Heir to Aquitaine
Married Henry II & Aquitaine comes under English rule in 1154

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How long was Aquitaine under English rule?

1154-1453

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When was Bordeaux classified?

1855

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Climate of Bordeaux

Maritime
-warm summers, cool winters
-no dry season

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What parallel is Bordeaux at?

45th

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What is a Clairet?

A darker style of rosé

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What are the allowed red grape varieties in Bordeaux?

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc
Petit Verdot
Malbec
Carmenère

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What are the allowed white grape varieties in Bordeaux?

Sémillion
Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Gris
Muscadelle
Ugni Blanc
Merlot Blanc
Colombard

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How many AOPs are in Bordeaux?

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Requirements for Crémant de Bordeaux AOP

White or Rosé
9 mos on the lees - 12 mos total aging
Traditional method

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What regions does “Atlantique IGP” cover?

Gironde
Charente & Charente Maritime (Cognac)
Dordogne
Western Lot-et-Garonne

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What winter absolutely decimated vineyards in Bordeaux?

1956

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2017 vintage

Frost

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What is cliquage?

Micro-oxygenation - occurs during élévage

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Aging vessel for Bordeaux wines

225L French barrique

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What forest is to the west of the Medoc?

Landes Forest

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Which AOPs are in the overall Médoc?

Médoc AOP
Haut-Médoc AOP
Saint-Estèphe
Pauillac
Saint-Julien
Margaux
Listrac-Médoc
Moulis

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Soil type for Saint-Estèphe

Gravel with high amounts of clay

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Top estates in Saint-Estèphe

Château Cos d’Estournel (2nd growth)
Montrose (2nd growth)
Château de Pez
Château Phélan-Segur
Château Calon-Segur (3rd growth)

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Pauillac AOP - soil

deepest soil in Médoc
subsoil - alios- hard sandstone - rich in iron

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How many hectares of vines are in Pauillac?

1100ha
70-80% are Cabernet Sauvignon

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What are the first growths of Pauillac?

Château Lafite-Rothschild
Château Latour
Château Mouton Rothschild

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What is the second wine of Lafite-Rothschild

Carruades de Château Lafite

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What is the second wine of Latour?

Les Forts de Latour

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What is the third wine of Latour?

Le Pauillac

What commune is Château Lynch-Bages in and what growth is it?

Pauillac 5th growth

What commune is Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste in and what growth is it?

Pauillac 5th growth

What commune is Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse-de-Lalande in and what growth is it?

Pauillac 2nd growth

What commune is Château Pichon Longueville Baron in and what growth is it?

Pauillac 2nd growth

What is the biggest wine town in the Mèdoc?

Pauillac

What year did Prince Charles' art appear on the Château Mouton-Rothschild Label?

2004

What year did Picasso's art appear on the Château Mouton-Rothschild Label?

1973

How many hectares are under vine in Saint-Julien?

920ha

Where is Château Ducru-Beaucaillou and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 2nd growth

Where is Château Gruaud-Larose and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 2nd growth

Where is Château Léoville Barton and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 2nd growth

Where is Château Léoville Las Cases and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 2nd growth

Where is Château Léoville Barton and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 2nd growth

Where is Château Lagrange and what growth is it?

Saint-Julien 3rd Growth

What is the second label of Château Léoville Las Cases?

Clos de Marquis Le Petit Lion Le Petit Marquis

What are the five communes within Margaux

Margaux, Catenac (largest), Soussans, Arsac & Labarde

What is the soil type in Margaux? What are the benefits/downfalls?

Gravel - shallower pro - warm up faster con - drainage can be an issue because Margaux is so low lying - drought can also be a problem

What is the first growth in Margaux?

Château Margaux

When was Château Mouton-Rothschild classified as a first growth?

1973

Where is Château Palmer and what growth is it?

Margaux 3rd growth

Where is Château Lascombes and what growth is it?

Margaux 2nd growth

Where is Château Kirwan and what growth is it?

Margaux 3rd growth

Where is Château Ferrière and what growth is it?

Margaux 3rd growth

Where is Château Rauzan-Ségla and what growth is it?

Margaux 2nd growth

Where is Château Durfort-Vivens and what growth is it?

Margaux 2nd growth

What are the AOPs that sit between Saint-Julien and Margaux?

Moulis AOP Listrac AOP

What does "Cru Artisan" on a label indicate

"a producer responsible for the entire production process: vineyard work, vinification, aging of the wine, bottling, packaging and sales" Formally recognized in 2002 properties re-evaluated every 10 years

What are the regional AOPs in Graves?

Graves AOP - dry red & white production Graves Supérieur AOP - only sweet white wines (usually 40-50g/L RS)

What is the only classification for Graves?

Cru Classé

What style of wine is produced in Pessac-Léognan AOP?

Dry red and white wines 80% of production is red wine - based on Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon

What is the assemblage requirements for white wines from Pessac-Léognan AOP?

minimum of 25% Sauvignon Blanc with Semillion and Muscadelle

What is the first growth in Pessac-Léognan AOP?

Château Haut-Brion

Where will you find Château La Louvière, Domaine Chevalier and Château Pape Clément?

Pessac-Léognan AOP

What year was Graves classified?

1959

Where is Sautrenes AOP?

Southern Graves - Leftbank of the Garonne River

What is the classification of Château d'Yquem?

Premier cru supérieur

What is Château D'Yquem's dry white wine?

Y - or - Ygrec

What is the minimum RS for Sauternes AOP?

45 g/L

What is typical RS in a Sauternes?

120-160 g/L

What is the max yield for Sauternes AOP?

25 hl/ha (best Châteaux - 15-20) must be picked in successive tries

What are the communes of Sauternes AOP?

Sauternes, Barsac, Bommes, Fargues, Preignac

What does Botrytis Cinerea do in Sauterns?

-devours 5/6 of grape's acidity & 1/3 of its sugar -consumes between 1/2 - 2/3 of grape's water -brings potential ABV to 17.5-26%

What style of wine is produced in Barsac AOP?

sweet white wine (same requirements as Sauternes)

What style of wine is produced in Cérons AOP?

Sweet white wines (similar to Sauternes)

Where is Château Suduiraut and what is it classified as?

Sauternes First growth

Where is Château Guiraud and what is it classified as?

Sauternes First Growth

Where is Château Climens and what is it classified as?

Sauternes First Growth

Where is Château Rieussec and what is it classified as?

Sauternes First Growth

What are white wines in Blaye and Bourg labeled as?

Bordeaux AOP

What rivers surround Saint-Émilion?

Dordogne River Barbanne River

What are the requirements for Saint-Émilion AOP?

-Red wine only -min 11% ABV -max yield - 53 hl/ha -released after April 15th the year following harvest

What are the requirements for Saint-Émilion Grand Cru AOP?

-Red wine only -min 11.5% ABV -max yield - 46 hl/ha -released after May 15th 2nd year following harvest

Where is Château Pavie located and what is it classified as?

Saint-Émilion Grands Crus Classé A

Where is Château Figeac located and what is it classified as?

Saint-Émilion Grands Crus Classé A

Where is Château Canon located and what is it classified as?

Saint-Émilion Grands Crus Classé B

Where is Château Cheval Blanc located and what is it classified as?

Saint-Émilion withdrew from classification

Which Châteaux withdrew from classification in Saint-Émilion in 2022?

Château Angelus Château Ausone Château Cheval Blanc Château La Gaffeliere

Where is Château Lafleur?

Pomerol

Where is Château de Sales?

Pomerol

Where is Château Le Pin?

Pomerol

Where is Château Pétrus located? What soil type is it renown for?

Pomerol Deep, blue clay

What style of wine does Fronsac and Canon Fronsac AOPs produce?

Dry Red Wines Min 80% combined Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc

Where are Château La Dauphine, Château Gaby, Château Grand-Renouil and Château Fontenil located?

Fronsac AOP

Wines produced in Entre-deux-mers AOP

Dry white wines only

What is the most planted grape in Entre-Deux-Mers?

Merlot Bottled under Bordeaux AOP or Bordeaux Superiuer AOP

What style of wine is produced in Côtes de Bordeaux-Saint-Macaire AOP?

Dry and Sweet white wines

What type of wine is Premières Côtes de Bordeaux AOP?

Sweet white wine min 34 g/L RS

What type of wine is produced in Cadillac AOP?

Sweet white wine min 51 g/L RS

What type of wine is produced in Loupiac AOP?

weet white wine min 45 g/L RS

What type of wine is produced in Sainte-Croix-du-Mont AOP?

weet white wine min 45 g/L RS

What type of wine is produced under the Côtes de Bordeaux AOP?

Dry red wine

Which sub zones of Côtes de Bordeaux can produce white wine?

Blaye Francs Sainte Foy

What wine is produced in Bourg AOP

Red and white wines

What type of wine is produced in Côtes de Blaye AOP?

White wine only

What wine is produced in Blaye AOP?

Red and white Red wines account for 95%