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Advanced Sommelier 2022/2023 > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Who is responsible for the drainage channels in Bordeaux and when?

A

The Dutch in the 4th century AD

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2
Q

When did Bordeaux become suitable for viticulture?

A

The mid 1600s

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3
Q

What are Courtiers?

A

Wine brokers. They supplied Chateaux with financial backing and controlled the trade of wine.

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4
Q

Describe Bordeaux’s climate

A

Maritime. Short winters and damp springs. Hot summers.

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5
Q

_________ protect the Medoc from harsh west and northernly winds

A

Coastal pine forests

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6
Q

The climate in St-Emillon and Pomerol becomes more ______________

A

Continental

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7
Q

What is the “bordeaux mixture”?

A

A mix of lime, copper sulfate and water applied throughout the region to avoid fungal problems

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8
Q

Bordeaux AOP wines may be which styles?

A

Red, white, rose, clairet

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9
Q

6 allowed grapes for Bordeaux AOP red wines

A

Cabernet, Merlot, Cab franc, Petit verdot, Malbec, Carmenere

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10
Q

Most widely planted grape in Bordeaux

A

Merlot

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11
Q

Earliest ripening grape in Bordeaux

A

Merlot

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12
Q

In a vintage with spring frosts, ________ thrives while _________ is damaged

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot

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13
Q

In a vintage with heavy rainfall late in the season, ________ escapes, whereas _________ is damaged

A

Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon

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14
Q

Malbec is known as what on the right bank?

A

Pressac

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15
Q

What are jalles?

A

drainage channels that protect the Medoc from becoming a swamp

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16
Q

What are croupes?

A

Gravel mounds in the Haut-Medoc that were unearthed during the Dutch’s drainage work in the 1600s

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17
Q

Who was left out of the 1855 classification?

A

Chateau Mouton Rothschild (elevated in 1973)

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18
Q

Who was elevated to first growth from second in 1973?

A

Mouton Rothschild

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19
Q

What is the Cru Artisan?

A

A quality designation used by 44 growers in the Medoc from 2005-2018. The producers are all small and each work roughly 6 ha of land. In 2018 the number dropped to 36. Rankings are updated every 5 years.

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20
Q

What is Cru Bourgeois

A

Became official in 2003 when 247 chateaux retained status as one of the three quality designations. Lawsuits followed so it became null. Now, there are 249 Chateaux given Cru Bourgeois, Bourgeois exceptionnel, and Bourgeois superieurs. Updated every 5 years. Producers must be in the Medoc

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21
Q

St-Estephe AOP classified growths

A

2eme: Cos d’Estournel, Chateau Montrose
3eme: Calon-Ségur
4eme: Lafon-Rochet
5eme: Cos Labory

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22
Q

Pauillac AOP classified growths

A

1er: Lafite Rothschild, Latour, Mouton Rothschild
2eme: Pichon-Longueville Baron, Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
4eme: Duhart-Milon-Rothschild
5eme: Château Pontet-Canet, Château Batailley, Château Haut-Batailley, Château Haut-Bages-Libéral, Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste, Château Grand-Puy-Ducasse, Château Lynch-Bages, Château Lynch-Moussas, Château d’Armailhac, Château Pédesclaux, Château Clerc-Milon, Château Croizet Bages

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23
Q

Main difference between Latour and Lafite

A

Latour emphasizes depth and concentration whereas Lafite emphasizes aromatics and elegance

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24
Q

Which first growth producer has artist labels?

A

Mouton Rothschild

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25
Q

St-Julien AOP classified growths

A

2eme: Leoville-las-cases, Leoville-Poyferre, Leoville-Barton, Gruaud-Larose, Ducru Beaucaillou
3eme: Lagrange, Langoa Barton
4eme: Château Saint-Pierre, Château Talbot,
Château Branaire-Ducru, Château Beychevelle

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26
Q

St-Julien AOP has what percentage cru classe wine?

A

80%

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27
Q

Super seconds of St-Julien

A

Chateau Ducru-Beaucaillou and Chateau Leoville Las Cases

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28
Q

Moulis-en-Medoc best producer

A

Chateau Chasse-Spleen

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29
Q

Margaux AOP villages

A

Soussans, Margaux, Cantenac, Labarde, Arsac

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30
Q

Margaux top producers

A

Chateau Margaux, Chateau Palmer

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31
Q

Graves first growth

A

Chateau Haut Brion

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32
Q

What is boulbenes

A

A mix of sand, gravel and clay native to the Graves AOP

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33
Q

In Graves AOP you may produce _________ and ____________ under the appellation

A

Red and White

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34
Q

When was Graves first classified?

A

1953

35
Q

Which two estates combined to produce wine for Chateau La Mission Haut Brion?

A

Chateau la Tour Haut Brion, Chateau Laville Haut Brion

36
Q

Pessac-Leognan AOP creation date

A

1987

37
Q

Sweet wines in Bordeaux may be produced under which appellations?

A

Graves Superieur AOP, Cerons, Barsac, Sauternes, Loupiac, Ste-Croix-du-Mont, Cadillac, Cotes de Bordeaux Saint Macaire, Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux

38
Q

When was Sauternes classified?

A

1855

39
Q

Name a Sauternes second growth

A

Château de Malle, Chateau Lamothe

40
Q

Name a sauternes first growth

A

Chateau Sigalas-Rabaud

41
Q

Minimum must weight for Barsac AOP and Sauternes AOP

A

221 g/l

Finished RS is at least 45 g/l

42
Q

Who makes Creme de Tete? How is it made

A

Chateau Gilette. 2 decades of aging in concrete vats

43
Q

Which estate in St-Emillon makes cab dominant wines?

A

Chateau Figeac

44
Q

What are cotes soils?

A

Steep limestone slopes in St-Emillon

45
Q

What are graves soils?

A

Gravelly limestone plateau (resembling the Medoc) in St-Emillon

46
Q

After the legal battles in 2006, what happened in 2012 that helped St. Emillon?

A

A new external review/classification system is done by the INAO

47
Q

St. Emillon Premiers Grands Crus Classés A 2022

A

Château Pavie, Château Figeac

48
Q

Name a St. Emillon Premiers Grand Crus Classes B producer

A

Château Le Prieure

49
Q

St.-Emillon Grand Cru AOP elevage requirement vs St.-Emillon AOP elevage requirement

A

GC - Wines may not be released before May 15 of the second year following the harvest

Reg- The wines may not be released until April 15 of the year following the harvest

50
Q

Petrus is located where?

A

Pomerol

51
Q

What is Bouchet?

A

Cab Franc’s nickname in Pomerol

52
Q

Name 3 producers in Pomerol

A

Chateau Petrus, Vieux-Chateau-Certan, Chateau Lafleur

53
Q

What is the movement toward micro-chateau and small production in Bordeaux called? Name two producers

A

The garagistes movement.
Le Pin, Valandraud

54
Q

Satellite appellations of St-Emillon

A

Lussac, St-Georges, Montagne, Puisseguin

55
Q

Top producer in Bourg AOP

A

Chateau Roc de Cambes

56
Q

Which appellation, started in 2008 is an effort toward simplifying labeling languages, offering consumers a better alternative to the grand vins?

A

Cotes de Bordeaux AOP

57
Q

Areas of origin permitted on Cotes de Bordeaux AOP

A

Francs, Castillon, Blaye, Cadillac, Sainte Foy

58
Q

2nd Les Pagodes de Cos

A

Chateau Cos d’Estournel

59
Q

2nd La Dame de Montrose

A

Chateau Montrose

60
Q

2nd Le Marquis de Calon-Segur

A

Chateau Calon Segur

61
Q

2nd Carruades de Lafite

A

Chateau Lafite Rothschild

62
Q

2nd Les Forts de Latour

A

Chateau Latour

63
Q

2nd Le Petit Mouton

A

Chateau Mouton-Rothschild

64
Q

Les Griffons de Pichon Baron

A

Chateau Longueville au Baron de Pichon Baron

65
Q

2nd Echo

A

Chateau Lynch Bages

66
Q

2nd La Croix

A

Chateau Ducru Beaucaillou

67
Q

2nd Reserve

A

Chateau leoville-Barton

68
Q

Le Petit Lion du Marquis

A

Chateau Leoville Las Cases

69
Q

2nd Pavillon de Poyferre

A

Chateau Leoville Poyferre

70
Q

2nd Connetable

A

Chateau Talbot

71
Q

2nd Pavillon Rouge

A

Chateau Margaux

72
Q

2nd Segla

A

Chateau Rauzan-Segla

73
Q

2nd Alter Ego

A

Chateau Palmer

74
Q

2nd Confidences

A

Chateau Prieure Lichine

75
Q

2nd Le Clarence

A

Chateau Haut-Brion

76
Q

2nd L’Esprit

A

Domaine de Chevalier

77
Q

2nd Chapelle

A

Ausone

78
Q

2nd Le Petit Cheval

A

Chateau Cheval Blanc

79
Q

Name 3 important producers in St-Emillon

A

Chateau Ausone, Chateau Cheval Blanc, Chateau Pavie

80
Q

2nd label of Chateau Petrus

A

None

81
Q

Left bank Bordeaux best ancient vintages

A

1961, 1959, 1955, 1953, 1949, 1948, 1945, 1934, 1929, 1928, 1921, and 1900

82
Q

Left bank Bordeaux best modern vintages

A

2016, 2018, 2020, 2010, 2019, 2009, 2015, 2005, 2000, 2014, 1996, 1990, 1982, 1989, 2003, 1998, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2001, 2004, 1985, 1995, 1986, 1988, 1983, 2002, 1999 & 1994

83
Q

Right bank bordeaux best modern vintages

A

2018, 2015, 2016, 2019, 2010, 2005, 2000, 2001, 1998, 2012, 2014, 2001, 2006, 1990, 1989, 1982, 2008, 2004, 1985, 1995, 1988, 2014, 1999

84
Q

Right bank Bordeaux best ancient vintages

A

1964, 1961, 1959, 1955, 1953, 1950, 1949, 1948, 1947, 1945, 1929, 1928, 1921 and 1900.

Advanced Sommelier 2022/2023 (11 decks)

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