Booklet One - Explanations And Definitions

Question 1

Causes of climate change

Answer 1

Natural climate change
Greenhouse gasses caused by human activity mean that less of suns energy is able to escape earths atmosphere so temp increases

Question 2

Evidence for climate change

Answer 2

I’ve and sediment cores
Tree rings
Pollen analysis
Temp records

Question 3

I’ve and sediment cores

Answer 3

Drill into ice sheets and analyse gasses trapped between layers
The remains of organisms can be found in ocean sediments

Question 4

Tree rings

Answer 4

Grow a ring each year
Thickness shows climate

Question 5

Temp records

Answer 5

Short term
Historical records

Question 6

Pollen analysis

Answer 6

Preserved in sediment
Species
Know conditions species can live in

Question 7

Natural factors

Answer 7

Orbital changes
Solar output
Volcanic activity

Question 8

Human factors

Answer 8

Fossil fuels
Agriculture
Deforestation

Question 9

Orbital changes

Answer 9

Sun’s energy on the earth changes as orbit is elliptical

Question 10

Solar output

Answer 10

Sunspots increase increas from max to min every 11 years

Question 11

Volcanic activity

Answer 11

Volcanic aerosols reflect sunlight away reduceing global temp temporarily

Question 12

Fossil fuels

Answer 12

Releases co2
50% of greenhouse gases

Question 13

Agriculture

Answer 13

20% greenhouse gases
Rice and meat

Question 14

Deforestation

Answer 14

Logging and clearing increased co2 less photosynthesis

Question 15

Social effects of climate change

Answer 15

Increased Rick of disease eg skin cancer , heat stroke
Winter related death
Crop yields affected
Drought reduces food supplies
Flood risk
Declining fishing
Extreme weather
Ski industry declines

Question 16

Environmental effects

Answer 16

Increased drought
Lower rainfal
Sea levels rise
I’ve melts
Wildlife declines
Warmer rivers
Increase in forest growth
Coral bleaching

Question 17

Mitigation

Answer 17

Alternative energy production
Carbon capture
International agreements
Planting trees

Question 18

Alternative energy production

Answer 18

Wind solar geothermal wave tidal biomass
Reduces greenhouse gases
Will last longer
However expensive and unreliable

Question 19

Carbon capture

Answer 19

Stores co2 safely underground
90% of co2
Expensive not sure if long term

Question 20

International agreements

Answer 20

Encourage countries to reduce co2 levels
Support LICs
Targets not enough
Responsibility

Question 21

Planting trees

Answer 21

Remove co2 through photosynthesis
Land is limited
Biodiversity can be reduced

Question 22

Adaptation

Answer 22

Changing agricultural systems
Managing water supplies
Reducing risk

Question 23

Changes in agricultural systems

Answer 23

To deal with changing rainfall and temp patterns
Move to location to suit climates
Irrigation
Changes to variety of crops
Hard on farmers

Question 24

Managing water supplies

Answer 24

Changing rainfall
Installing water efficient devices
Increasing supply

Question 25

Reducing risk

Answer 25

Rising sea levels
Constructiong defences eg mangroves
Raising property