booklet 7 Flashcards
Who conducted a content analysis of thousands of news items across the world over several decades. He noted that media representations of ethnic minorities could be grouped into three negative stereotypes. Ethnic minorities were portrayed as:
1)Criminals
2)Threatening
3)Unimportant
Van Dijk
Who examined news coverage of a range of national news programmes which found that 50% of news stories concerning young black people dealt with them committing crime?
Wayne et al
Who examined newspapers, television and radio news for 16 weeks in 2008-9 and found close to 7 in 10 of stories concerning young black men and boys were related to crime, especially gang and knife crime?
Cushion et al
Who found reports of inner-city disturbances involving ethnic minorities have been covered by the media as ‘riots’ not ‘uprisings’ – violent and irrational rather than justifiable anger at injustice and discrimination?
Back
Who acknowledges that at its worst, rap music can be racist, sexist, homophobic and glorify violence in its lyrics?
Best and Kellner
Who argues Muslims have always been demonised in the Western media, seen as ‘backward, misogynist fundamentalists?
Poole
Who’s content analysis of British media between 2000-2008 found that of stories relating to Muslims, over a third focused on terrorism, and a third focused on issues such as forced marriage, sharia law or wearing the hijab or veil. Stories about Islamophobia and attacks on Muslims were quite rare?
Moore et al
Who argues media coverage implies the lives of white people are more important than others?
Van dijk
A 2014 opinion poll found that what percent of respondents believed that media portrayal of minorities encourages discrimination?
78%
Who argues that the Royal Family has converted much of the mass media to its cause, and until fairly recently criticism has been rare. This is because after WW2 the monarchy reinvented itself as a ‘Royal Family’, not unlike our own families that was both ‘like us’ but ‘not like us’. This makeover resulted in a national obsession with the royal family, with every trivial detail of their lives being reported, and events like royal births and weddings seen as cause for national celebration?
Nairn
Who argues the media focus very positively on the lifestyles of the wealthy. He points out the media’s heavy focus on luxury holidays, expensive cars and designer fashions only the media focuses on business and the stock market, despite few people in the UK owning stocks and shares. Economic stories tend to be written from the perspective of how they will affect businesses and investors rather than ordinary people, and the problems of capitalism such as growing inequality are rarely covered or challenge?
Newman
Who argues the portrayal of the WC in the media is an assault on WC values, institutions and communities. He argues many MC journalists suffer from a ‘liberal bigotry’ and assume WC people are feckless, promiscuous or racist. The reporting of issues such as poverty or unemployment often suggests personal failure is responsible rather than government policies or business?
Jones
Who argues newspapers aimed at a WC audience, such as The Sun, assume they are interested in political analysis and instead focus on celebrity gossip, human interest stories and sport?
Curran and Seaton
Who spent a week analysing output of the mainstream media in 2007 and found coverage of poverty is marginalised and its causes are rarely discussed?
McKendrick et Al
Who argues media professionals are hopeless at realistically reporting on or dramatising the lives of the poor, and some revel in portraying them as scroungers, reinforcing the view that the poor are responsible for their situation?
Cohen
Who argues the term ‘chav’ is used to label and stereotype some people in poverty, again suggesting they are undeserving of public sympathy ?
Shildrick and Macdonald
Who notes that making children active consumers has led to pester power, where children manipulate parents into spending money on consumer goods (often for fear of children being bullied otherwise). This creates particularly anxiety for poorer parents who may go into debt to provide for their children’s wants?
Evan and Chandler
Who conducted a content analysis of over 2000 TV news items during May 2006. Of the items focusing on young people, 28% focused on celebrities, but 82% focused on young people as either victims or perpetrators of crime?
Wayne et al
Who argues upper and middle class older people are often portrayed in TV and film in high-status roles such as judges, politicians, experts and business executives?
Newman
Who notes that representations of the elderly in adverts is fairly low (15%) but the majority portray them as in a ‘golden age’ and as active, healthy, successful and content (though evidence suggests this is an unrealistic portrayal which overlooks the loneliness, loss and poverty many experience in old age).
Lee et al
