Booklet 6: The Fascist Economy Flashcards

1
Q

Alberto de Stefani

A

Appointed minister of finance in 1922
Supported free trade and Laissez faire economics
Removed in 1925 when Mussolini became more interested in transforming Italys economy

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2
Q

Early economic policies 1922-1925

A

Focused on reducing gov spending
Privatised the telephone sector
De regulated the economy and cut protective tariffs

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3
Q

Consequences of early economic policies

A

Manufacturing production increased
Budget surplus
Inflation

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4
Q

Shift towards fascist economics

A

Volpi appointed finance minister and economic policies became dominated by Mussolini and fascists
Mussolini wanted to achieve economic independence

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5
Q

Battle for Lira 1926

A

1926 150 lira to 1 bp
Mussolini viewed strength of lira as strength of Italy
Declared 19 to dollar, 92.46 to bp

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6
Q

Consequences for battle for lira

A

Cuts to workers wages
Massive price reductions
First policy that represented Mussolini’s power and strength

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7
Q

How does Mussolini justify the battle for lira

A

Makes it sound like a patriotic battle to save their currency, strong lira means strong Italy

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8
Q

Palazzo vidoni pact 1925

A

Confinductria and fascist trade unions
Take bargaining power and trade unions away from socialists, Catholics
Win for industrialists

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9
Q

Rocco law 1926

A

Banned strikes
Failed to balance industrial Italians and fascist syndicalists

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10
Q

Ministry of corporations 1926

A

Working together of employers and workers
Meant to create Harmonious economic order

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11
Q

Charter of labour 1927

A

Bottai Ensure workers rights
Reduce fascist syndicalists power

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12
Q

Rossoni syndicalists 1928

A

Rossoni dismissed
Syndicalists split into 6 groups
Represented by 6 employers confederations

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13
Q

National council of corporations 1930

A

Consultive body
Employers and workers organisations
Representing 7 sectors of the economy

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14
Q

Mixed corporations 1934

A

Representing 22 major economic sectors
Fixed price of goods, rates of service
Increase production of economy

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15
Q

Results of corporate state

A

All essentials propaganda
Mussolini had all the power
Jobs provided for fascists

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16
Q

Results of corporate state for workers

A

Workers never allowed to vote for representatives
No arguments about wages
Didn’t benefit at all

17
Q

Results of corporate state for industrialists

A

Gained more power over workers
No strikes or debates about pay from workers
Mostly ignored the corporations

18
Q

Results of corporate state for fascists

A

Provided jobs
Propaganda for Mussolini
Centralised power to Mussolini

19
Q

Primary achievement from corporate state

A

Viewed as powerful overseas, people acclaimed his economic system

20
Q

Response to businesses going under

A

Workers wages cut by 12% in 1930
Encouraged price fixings and cartelisation
Mergers insured employment rates stayed stable

21
Q

Response to unemployment

A

Increased to over 1 million
Employment provided through large work schemes such as road building, electrification of railways

22
Q

IMI

A

Ensured that major banks were protected from collapse
provided credit to banks

23
Q

IRI

A

Government bought up shares in banking, industry and commerce
Help protect companies
Once companies were healthy they sold shares back to private ownership

24
Q

IFE

A

regulate foreign exchange and currency trading
Trying to maintain the value of the Lira

25
Why did Mussolini want an autarky
Decline in Italian trade due to depression and lira value Sanctions had been placed on Italy after militaristic actions in Africa Preparation for war
26
Autarky trade
Value of imports matched value of exports Minimise and control imports
27
Autarky economic
Through IRI the gov took over private firms for national defence Predominantly iron and steel companies, improved self sufficiency
28
Autarky agriculture
Cereals, wool, raw materials stockpiled Boost stocks
29
Autarky result
Gov spending doubled to 60billion in 1938 Debatable success
30
Battle for births goal 1927
Increase size of families, population of 60mil by 1950s
31
Battle for births policies
Closer relationship with Catholic Church (family values) Tax reductions and loans provided to families with large numbers of children
32
Battle for births results
All forms of birth control banned Birth rate continued to decline Marriage rates fell
33
Battle for grain 1925
Aimed to make Italy self sufficient in grain
34
Battle for grain policies
Wheat growing competitions were held Huge propaganda campaign to free Italy from the slavery of foreign grain
35
Battle for grain result
Largely self-sufficient wheat production by mid 1930s Grain production rose by 50% Cattle and sheep farming reduced
36
Battle for land/marshes goal
Increase land available Provide more jobs Improve health
37
Battle for land/marshes policies
Marsh draining projects Irrigation, road building, house building Empty cities campaign
38
Battle for land/marshes result
Healthcare increased Malaria decreased 80,000 m2 land claimed No boost in wheat production