booklet 5 Flashcards
Who outperforms white and black students on average ?
Chinese and Indian
Do girls or boys generally perform better ?
Girls
Who are the lowest achieving groups ?
WC boys
Who said that male African Caribbean underachievement is related to family structure. He argues female headed lone parent families often struggle financially due to a lack of a male breadwinner, whilst the lack of a stable male role model is seen to lead boys to seek delinquent or even criminal male role models instead ?
Murray
Who argues that it is the absence of ‘tough love’ that fathers provide (firm, fair, respectful discipline) that mean black boys in female headed lone parent families struggle in school. In the absence of a father figure, some black boys turn to street gangs for a sense of loyalty and belonging. These give boys a model of anti-school masculinity based on toughness, which can be enforced through peer pressure ?
Sewell
Who also argues that expectations of respectful behaviour towards adults in Asian homes models the behaviour expectations in school ?
Lupton
Who argued that there is a strong emphasis on self improvement in Indian and Chinese culture - Indian parents have high aspirations for their children and encourage their children to be ambitious ?
Strand
Who studied four mainly working class schools – four mainly white, one mainly Pakistani and one ethnically mixed. She found that teachers reported poorer behaviour in the two mainly white schools (although they had fewer children on FSM suggesting lower levels of poverty), and blamed lack of parental support and a negative attitude towards education held by parent ?
Lupton
Who suggested that the effects of low income are worse for white pupils than for other ethnic groups ?
Modood
In 2011what % of Chinese girls eligible for FSM achieved 5 GCSEs A*-C, compared to only 65% of white girls NOT on FSM?
86%
Who argued black pupils were the highest achievers on entry to primary school yet when it comes to GCSEs in secondary school they were the lowest achieving ethnic group (21 points below average) ?
Gilbourn and Mirza
Who argues that schools are institutionally racist and have racialized expectations ?
• E.G. teachers expect black pupils will offer more behavioural problems, be threatening, and challenge authority. When they act on this view, pupils respond negatively (feel picked on and underestimated) and conflict is more likely to arise.
• This may explain why exclusions are much higher for black Caribbean boys than for other ethnic groups (negatively affecting achievement).
• Teachers interpret school policy in a way that disadvantages black pupils e.g. placing them in lower sets.
Gillbourn and Youdell
Whos study of a multi-ethnic primary school found teachers assumed that British culture and standard English were superior.
• They often assumed Asian pupils would have a poor grasp of English.
• Therefore, these pupils were often left our of class discussions or teachers used simplistic, childish language when speaking to them.
• As a result Asian pupils were often ignored.
Wright
Who looks at how teachers’ dominant discourses (their way of seeing something) fall into three types of stereotypical pupil identities and categorises into ;
1) The ideal pupil identity
2) The pathologised pupil identity
3) The demonised pupil identity
Archer
Who studied black girls that rejected labels and passed GCSEs but didn’t follow rules ?
Fuller
Who studied black girls that rejected labels and did not pass GCSEs and didn’t follow rules ?
Mirza
Who identifies 4 responses to labelling:
1) rebels
2) conformists
3) retreatists
4) innovators
Sewell
Who found black pupils appear more likely to suffer from unrecorded, unofficial exclusions and from ‘internal exclusions’ (like being sent to isolation). They are also more likely to be sent to Pupil referral units (PRUs) which deal with students with behavioural or emotional needs ?
Osler
Who argues that to understand ethnic differences in achievement we need to go beyond individual teacher racism and look at institutional racism ?
Troyna and Williams
Who argues there is biases in the school processes were ethnic minority pupil tend to end up at unpopular schools ?
Commission for racial equality 1993
Who argue that the National Curriculum is ‘Specifically British’ & focuses only on White culture, ignoring non-European languages, literature & music ?
David
Who argues teacher bias makes black children appear to be doing worse than white pupils ?
Gilbourn
Who argues that white pupils are 2X as likely to be identified as gifted and talented than black Caribbean pupils ?
Gilbourn
Who argues black pupils are less likely to be entered on gifted and talented programmes, and more likely to be entered for lower tier examinations, limiting them to a C or below ?
Tikly Et Al
