Book - Chapter 9 ISTM

Question 1

ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network)

Answer 1

In 1969, at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network) was born, one of the precursors to today’s Internet.

Question 2

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

Answer 2

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) was invented by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (Center for European Nuclear Research). This new “language” would facilitate the capability to move information through the Internet, called HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Question 3

Internet Protocol address (IP)

Answer 3

in order to identify and communicate throughout the network

Question 4

Uniform Resource Locators

Answer 4

Websites have addresses called Uniform Resource Locators or URLs like http://www.yahoo.com. The components of the “yahoo” URL is as follows: http refers to the standard protocol, or the rules of exchanging files from a server to a client on the Internet. The “ www” refers to the World Wide Web. “ yahoo.com” is the domain name of the website and “ .com” is the “top-level” domain code or extension.

Question 5

Website

Answer 5

A website is a collection of web pages on a server that exists on the Web that can be requested by a client and displayed with a browser

Question 6

Hyperlink

Answer 6

A hyperlink (sometimes called a “ link”) is a clickable navigation element, (typically text) which resides in a webpage.

Question 7

Web Developers

Answer 7

With modern software, almost anyone can produce and post a website to the Web. People that produce websites are called web developers, or webmasters
People that produce websites.
.

Question 8

Content Managers

Answer 8

The most important aspect of any website is always its information, or content. A web site may be technically sound, and visually appealing, but without reliable and original content, it is simply inadequate. Many organizations and businesses employ full-time content managers to avoid this problem by keeping their websites updated regularly and populated with relevant information

Question 9

Browser

Answer 9

A browser is application software that provides an interface that allows a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information located on the World Wide Web

Question 10

Favorites.

Answer 10

Bookmarks are also called “Favorites.” Often, a URL is long and hard to remember and you may find you have to access it regularly. A browser will catalog, or bookmark, frequently visited websites so the user doesn’t have to remember the page URL.

Question 11

Caching

Answer 11

Caching refers to when the browser stores copies of previously viewed web pages that the user has already accessed that allows it to find them quickly without having to make another request to the originating server.

Question 12

Cookies

Answer 12

“Cookies” are text files that are used for tracking and maintaining specific information about users, such as site preferences and the contents of their electronic shopping carts.

Question 13

JavaScript

Answer 13

Some browsers are able to understand a programming language called JavaScript as well as HTML. JavaScripts are client-side (user) programs that allow the browser to run small applications, like clocks and calendars that sometimes show up on a web page.

Question 14

Connectivity

Answer 14

Connectivity is when one computer can connect to one or many other computers and share information and resources.

Question 15

Internet service provider (ISP)

Answer 15

is a business or organization that provides people with a way to access the Internet and World Wide Web. ISPs use various technologies such as dial-up and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), and may provide a combination of services including domain name registration and web hosting. Customers pay ISPs for Internet access that allows them to connect to the Internet. There are many thousands of ISPs, some who do worldwide business like Cox Communications and ComCast, while others provide services regionally and even locally.

Question 16

Broadband Internet access

Answer 16

is a high data-transmission rate Internet connection

Question 17

Internet hosting services

Answer 17

run Internet servers to serve content, like webpages, to the Internet, or clients.

Question 18

Web Hosting

Answer 18

Websites need to reside somewhere on the World Wide Web, so ISPs “rent” or host space to website owners and offer domain name registration so that they can be found on the Internet by clients, or users

Question 19

keyword search engines

Answer 19

Not all search engines work alike or return the same results. Some search engines, called “ keyword search engines,” only require the user to type in the keyword or phrase

Question 20

Directory Searches

Answer 20

Many of these search engines are organized into directories like medicine, or automotive, for example, so the user can search only within a particular area. As the name implies, these are called directory searches

Question 21

Metasearch Engines

Answer 21

Metasearch engines look and work like keyword searches but return the results of many search engines at once and eliminate duplicates hits.

Question 22

Electronic Commerce

Answer 22

Electronic Commerce can be described as the distribution, buying, selling, advertising, and marketing of goods or services over the Web.

Question 23

Browser Hijacking

Answer 23

Browser hijacking can be described as when the browser’s settings are modified by Malware

Question 24

Malware

Answer 24

Malware is software designed to damage a computer’s system without the owner’s knowledge. The changes made are typically very difficult to reverse.

Question 25

Virus

Answer 25

A computer virus is a malicious computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer, typically without the user being aware of it.

Question 26

Worm

Answer 26

A worm is like a virus in that it spreads quickly and is extremely harmful but it does not need to attach itself to an existing program.

Question 27

Trojan Horse

Answer 27

A Trojan horse is usually a harmless or interesting looking program that, when executed, unleashes harmful viruses into a user’s system.

Question 28

Spyware

Answer 28

Spyware is best defined as software that installs itself on a user’s system without permission and gleans personal data and information about the user without their knowledge or permission.

Question 29

Adware

Answer 29

Adware is software that routinely displays advertising to a computer system after the software is installed, usually without the user’s consent.

Question 30

E-mail

Answer 30

E-mail is a “store and forward” system of composing, sending, storing, and receiving messages over electronic communication systems like the Internet.

Question 31

Carbon-Copy (CC)

Answer 31

Other options e-mail offers include the ability to copy more than one recipient by using the carbon copy (CC) option.

Question 32

The Blind Carbon Copy (BCC)

Answer 32

The blind carbon copy (BCC) distribution option works like the carbon copy except none of the recipients know who else received the same email, or whether anyone other than them received it at all.

Question 33

Phishing

Answer 33

Often, criminals will fraudulently send out millions of legitimate looking emails in the hopes that a user will comply with requests for data and information.

Question 34

Spam

Answer 34

Any unwanted mail like phishing is called spam.

Question 35

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Answer 35

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is the routing of voice conversations, or typically, phone calls over the Internet

Question 36

IntraNet

Answer 36

An intranet is a private version of the Internet, one that is confined within an organization.

Question 37

Firewall

Answer 37

A firewall is specialized hardware and software working together that ensures that only authorized personnel within an organization can use the Intranet

Question 38

What does the acronym HTTP mean?

Answer 38

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Question 39

Who invented the World Wide Web?

Answer 39

Sir Tim Berners-Lee

Question 40

What kind of network model is the Internet?

Answer 40

Client / Server

Question 41

What does the acronym URL mean?

Answer 41

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 42

What is the most important aspect of a website?

Answer 42

Content

Question 43

What are the most common graphic files on the WWW?

Answer 43

GIFs and JPEGs

Question 44

Internet servers that serve content are called what?

Answer 44

Web Hosts

Question 45

What kind of website uses keywords to locate content?

Answer 45

Search Engine

Question 46

What language facilitates the capability to move information through the Internet?

Answer 46

HTTP

Question 47

A website is a collection of web pages on a client.

Answer 47

False