Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Classics: The Aeneid > Book 8: Aeneas in Rome (The Shield) > Flashcards

Book 8: Aeneas in Rome (The Shield) Flashcards

1
Q

How are the Latins preparing for the war?

A
  • Turnus has raised the flag of war above the city - ‘instant confusion’, young men ‘baying for blood’
  • Messapus, Ufens, and Mezentius levying men
  • Venalus sent to Diomede’s city for alliance (Diomedes in Iliad - Greek, natural enemy of Trojans)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Aeneas’ reaction to the brewing war?

A

‘great tides of grief’, thoughts ‘like light flickering from water’ and onto ceilings and walls (swift, all directions)
‘heart sick at the sadness of war’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the river Tiber look like when he appears to Aeneas in his sleep?

A

‘veiled in a blue-green cloak’, ‘dark reeds shaded his hair’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the river Tiber tell Aeneas?

A

He has waited a long time for Aeneas to bring Troy back (fated home for him and his gods)

  • ‘Do not be intimidated by the threat of war’
  • To confirm this is not a dream he will see a white sow with 30 white piglets on the green shore (symbolises Ascanius founding Alba in 30 years)
  • Tells him to make alliance with Arcadians (King Evander, city is Pallanteum) - will take him there
  • Must pray to Juno to pacify her and give him honour when he is victorious)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does Aeneas do after Tiber visited him?

A
  • Prays to the nymphs and Thybris to keep him safe
  • Picks 2 ships and comrades
  • Sees white sow and 30 piglets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does Aeneas do with the white sow and her 30 piglets?

A

Sacrifices them to Juno

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does Thybris help Aeneas on his way to Pallanteum?

A

Stills the flow of his river so he can sail upstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the significance of Pallanteum to Rome?

A

Rome’s future site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the Arcadians doing when Aeneas arrives?

A

Evander is performing the yearly rites to Hercules (as defeat of Cacus near here) - with him was his son Pallas, warriors, and senators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How did the Arcadians react to seeing Aeneas and his men? Who approached them?

A

They scattered in ‘sudden fright’ - Pallas ‘boldly’ told them to not disturb the holy feast and armed himself to face the Trojans alone.

Pallas asked them why they were here and Aeneas said they came to make an alliance with Evander - Pallas told him to come as a guest (xenia) and talk to his father

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does Aeneas say to persuade Evander to accept his alliance?

A
  • It doesn’t matter that Evander is a Greek leader as they are joined by courage and fate
  • They have a common ancestor, Atlas - Troy’s founder, Dardanus, was son of Electra, daughter of Atlas. Evander is son of Mercury, son of Maia, daughter of Atlas
  • Says he came himself, no emissaries or subterfuge
  • Both fighting Rutulians (of King Daunus, Turnus’ father) to stop them from expanding their border to whole of Italy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How did Evander react to Aeneas’ alliance request? Why?

A

Welcomed him with ‘great joy’ - recognised him as Anchises’ son as he met Anchises in Arcadia and they exchanged xenia gifts (xenia bond passes down through family)
- Says he will provide him with reinforcements and supplies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the hospitality shown by Evander

A

Brought food and drink, gave Trojans seats on grass and Aeneas a wood couch with a lion skin - rustic, like Eumaeus.

Poor but have enough for lots of meat (ot luxurious)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What was Cacus’ cave like?

A

Without sunlight, floor was always ‘warm with freshly shed blood’. Heads of men were nailed to the doors, ‘pale and rotting’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What did Cacus look like?

A

‘foul-featured’, vomited ‘black fire’, ‘massive bulk’, ‘coarse bristles on his beastly chest’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who was Cacus’ father?

A

Vulcan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tell the story of Hercules and Cacus

A
  • Hercules driving Geryon’s cattle through valley, paused for grazing
  • Cacus stole 4, dragged backwards into cave so tracks reversed
  • When leaving, cows in herd lowed and cow in cave lowed back
  • Hercules furious and Cacus afraid, ran into cave and shut with boulder
  • Hercules ran around mountain to find enterance, eventually tore roof off cave
  • Cacus vomited smoke to hide
  • Hercules jumped in and pushed his eyes out and strangled him
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does the story of Hercules and Cacus relate to Homer?

A

Cacus = Polyphemus : cave, uncivilised, isolated, boulder, defeated by hero
BUT less sympathetic, H is brute and O was schemer

19
Q

How does the story of Hercules and Cacus relate to Augustan Rome?

A

In Book 6, Augustus was compared to Hercules and Bacchus for extending empire and travelling far, this links for civilising role. Hercules defeated monsters and Augustus pacified

20
Q

What is the history of Pallanteum? Evander describes it to Aeneas

A
  • Rites for Hercules at Ara Maxima (Great Altar) - same altar used in Rome
  • Golden Age of Saturn: civilised land and united them uder new laws, but gradually ‘madness of war and lust for possessions’ took over and Italy was invaded
21
Q

How did Evander come to Italy?

A

Driven from Greence by Fate (his mother, the nymph Carmentis, told him it was the will of Apollo)

22
Q

What could the Golden Age of Saturn relate to?

A

Augustan Rome - uniting, pacifying, new laws

23
Q

Future Rome: What is the Altar of Carmentis/Carmental Gate?

A

Gate of Rome near the river Tiber

24
Q

Future Rome: What is the Lupercal?

A

Where Romulus and Remus were suckled by the wolf

25
Q

Future Rome: What is the Argiletum?

A

Potter’s quarter in Rome

26
Q

Future Rome: What is the Tarpeian cliff (on Capitol Hill)?

A

Where the temple of Jupiter Maximus Optimus was built in Augustan Rome (Evander says there is a ‘divine presence’ there) - celebrates military victory

27
Q

Future Rome: What is the Forum?

A

Business centre of Rome, currently filled with cattle

28
Q

Future Rome: What is the Carinae?

A

Fashionable suburb in Rome - humour as currently filled with cattle

29
Q

Future Rome: What is the Asylum?

A

Roman temple

30
Q

What does Evander say to Aeneas when entering his house?

A

To not judge his ‘poor home’ (narrow) too harshly - gives Aeneas a bed of leaves covered with the hide of a Libyan bear - natural, humble

31
Q

What does Venus ask of Vulcan? Describe the scene

A

Venus was ‘terrified’ at the war - went to her husband Vulcan and breathed ‘divine love into her voice’
- Says she didn’t ask for anything during the fall of Troy, but now A is on Rutulian soil at Jupiter’s commands so she comes as a ‘suppliant’ to ask for armour for A
- He yielded to Thetis (Achilles’ mother) and Dawn (Memnon’s mother)
- Tells him to look at those who are getting ready ‘to destroy those I love’
She took him in her arms and caressed him. ‘He caught fire as he always did’ like lightning in a thunderstorm (speed, power) - ‘She was well aware of her beauty and how to use it’

32
Q

What simile is used of Vulcan when he rises to go to Vulcania?

A

like an old woman stirring the fire to begin her hard work with ‘zeal’ - status among gods, ugly, lame, mocked

33
Q

Describe the forges of Mount Etna

A
  • noise of thunder, booming
  • Cyclopes working on making Jupiter’s thunderbolts and Mars’ chariot, and polishing Athena’s armour
  • Vulcan told them to put their work aside to make armour for a hero (importance)
34
Q

What happened with Mezentius and the Etruscans?

A
  • In Agylia, Mezentius ruled with the ‘ruthless use of armed force’
  • Etruscans rebelled and drove Mezentius out - he is now with Turnus and the Rutulians
  • Etruscans have thousands of troops ‘clamouring for the signal of battle’ but a prophet told them they could only be led by a foreign leader - Evander says this is Aeneas (he is too old)
35
Q

What is the divine confirmation for Aeneas making an alliance with the Etruscans?

A

Venus sent thunder and lightning and the blast of an Etruscan trumpet
Armour glowing red appeared in a break between the clouds - Aeneas says Venus told him she would send this sign when war was imminent

36
Q

What does Evander ask when sending Pallas with Aeneas?

A

Prays to Jupiter that if Pallas will survive, he has the strength to endure, but if Pallas will die he will die immediately so he doesn’t have to see his son dead

37
Q

How did Pallas look when leaving for Etruria?

A

‘conspicuous’ - in Greek cloak and armour - like the Morning star (bright)

38
Q

The Shield: Name the first three events

A
  • Wolf suckling Romulus and Remus
  • Rape of the Sabines at the Circus - planned by Romulus, caused war, then peace-making
  • Mettus been torn apart by 2 horse-drawn chariots by Tullus (king of Rome) for abandoning his allies in battle - patriotism, loyalty, justice
39
Q

The Shield: Describe the Etruscan attack on Rome in 508BC and the prominent figures mentioned

A
  • Posenna ordering the Romans to take Tarquin, their exiled king, back
  • Horatius Cocles protecting the bridge until it was torn down to stop the Etruscans - defence, bravery
  • Cloelia, a hostage, broke her chains and swam away in the river (women couldn’t swim generally) - liberty
40
Q

The Shield: Describe the Seige of Rome by the Gauls in 390BC and the figures involved

A
  • Manlius, keeper of the citadel, guarding the temple of Jupitern on Capitol hill - piety
  • Sacred geese honking at the arrival of the Gauls, breaking in at night, hiding in the bushes
41
Q

The Shield: Processions through Rome

A

Salii (priests of Mars) and the Luperci (priests) leasing sacred processions through Rome

42
Q

The Shield: Tartarus

A
  • Catiline conspired against Rome, stopped by Cicero
  • Cato administering justice - strict Republican that committed suicide after being defeated by Julius Caesar at Thaspus in 46BC
43
Q

The Shield: Battle of Actium

A
  • Augustus on one side, leading alongside the Senate, People of Rome, and gods - flames shooting from head and ‘his father’s star shone above him’ (JC’s comet) - Agrippa with his naval crown
  • Mark Anthony, Cleopatra (‘Egyptian wife’, and Egypt on the other side - ‘power of the East’ - simile of surging like mountains/islands colliding
  • ‘fresh blood began to redden the furrows of Neptune’s fields’
  • Cleopatra rattling her Egyptian timbrels, didn’t seen 2 snakes behind her (suicide)
  • Ideological battle: Anubis and other ‘monstrous gods’ against Neptune, Venus, Minerva, Mars, Furies, Discord, and Bellona
  • On the headland of Actium, Apollo fired from his bow (patron god of Augustus)
  • Egypt and India in ‘terror’, Cleo ‘pale with the pallor of approaching death’ - the Nile opening his robes and ‘beckoning his defeated people’ into his river
  • Augustus riding into Rome - triple triumph (Dalmatian, Actium, Alexandrian) - pays respect fo gods, celebration, scene of him at temple of Apollo receiving gifts from the conquered nations (Asia, Africa, Scythia, Gauls, Caspian)
44
Q

What is Aeneas’ response to the shield?

A

He was honoured at the divine armour and marvelled at the scenes, but didn’t understand them. He ‘lifted onto his shoulder the fame and fate of his descendants’

Classics: The Aeneid (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions