Book 3 Chapter 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
Cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things.
Microscope
An instrument that makes small objects look larger.
Cell theory
A widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.
Cell wall
A rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms.
Cell membrane
A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances go in and out of the structure.
Nucleus
A large oval organelle that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities.
Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function with the cell.
Ribosomes
A small grain shaped organelle in the cytoplasm of a cell that produces proteins.
Cytoplasm
The thick like fluid region of a cell located inside the cell membrane or between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
Mitochondria
Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out it’s functions.
Endoplasmic reticulum
An organelle that forms a maze of passages in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
Golgi apparatus
An organelle in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.
Vacuole
A sac like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials.
Chloroplasts
An organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from the suns light and changes it from energy to food.
Lysosomes
An organelle which contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones and that can be used by the rest of the cell.
Multicellular
Consisting of many cells.
Unicellular
Made of a single cell.
Tissues
A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.
Organ
A body structure that is composed of different kids of tissues that work together.
Organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a major function.
Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down in to other substances by chemical or physical means.
Compound
A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio, or proportion.
Carbohydrate
An energy rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch that is made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Lipid
An energy rich organic compound, such as fat, oil, or wax that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
