Book 1, Chapter 6

Question 1

Matching Hypothesis

p. 243

Answer 1

The idea that we are attracted to people with similar physical attractiveness to our own

Question 2

Attraction-similarity hypothesis (Morry, 2005)

p. 244

Answer 2

This hypothesis suggests that similarity can cause attraction but levels of attraction can also influence our perceptions of similarity

Question 3

Beauty-money trade off (Murstein, 1972)

p.244

Answer 3

The beauty-money trade off proposes that attractive men and women tend to marry people who have higher levels of wealth and resources than themselves. Reciprocally speaking, affluent people tend to marry partners who are more attractive

Question 4

Good communication model (Fletcher 2002)

p.247

Answer 4

One of three typical styles or models of relational communication.
In this model, love and admiration are freely expressed. The ultimate relationship goal is the personal growth of both partners through open and honest communication about problems and the inner workings and progress of the relationship.

Question 5

Good Management Model (Fletcher, 2002)

p. 247

Answer 5

One of three typical styles or models of relational communication.
With this model, problems and conflicts are avoided and the relationship itself is rarely a central topic of conversation

Question 6

Volatile Model (Fletcher, 2002)
p.247

Answer 6

One of three typical styles or models of relational communication.
In this model, communication is emotion-laden and unpredictable. Partners say exactly what they think and whenever they think it and express things in an uninhibited and passionate way.

Question 7

Six-stage model of friendship development (Rawlins, 1981)

pp. 250-252

Answer 7

1. Role-limited interaction
2. Friendly relations
3. Moving towards friendship
4. Nascent friendship
5. Stabilised friendship
6. Waning friendship

Question 8

Deficit and being love (Maslow, 1962)

p. 255

Answer 8

Deficit love-motivated by feelings of personal deficiency, motivated by needing to feel secure and ‘need satisfaction’
Being love-in which two complete individuals would join together to facilitate the personal growth and well-being of the other.

Question 9

Passionate love

p. 255

Answer 9

A powerful and changeable emotional state which is closely tied to feelings of sexual arousal.

Question 10

Compassionate love 
(p. 255)

Answer 10

Calm, stable feelings more overtly related to affection and friendship than to sex

Question 11

Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969)
p. 257

Answer 11

Proposes three major attachment styles, namely, secure, anxious/ambivalent and avoidant.
Fourth style proposed by Bartholomew (1990), dividing the avoidant style into two sub-categories in order to discriminate between individuals who were dismissive or fearful of personal relationships.

Question 12

The prototype theory of love (Fehr, 1988)

p. 258

Answer 12

Background in cognitive psychology
Demonstrated that maternal love was rated as the prototypical love, followed by parental love and friendship. Romantic love was rated in fifth place and infatuation was considered the least prototypical of the 93 exemplars. See Regan (not in the note cards)

Question 13

Triangular theory of love (Sternberg, 1986)

pp. 258-260

Answer 13

Background in social psychology

Proposes that love can be understood in terms of three basic components: intimacy, passion and discussion/commitment.

Question 14

Canary and Capach (1988)

pp. 263-264

Answer 14

Three strategies for dealing with conflict
Integrative strategies 
Distribution strategies
Avoidance strategies
(See also Duck, 1991)

Question 15

Duck’s (1982) Theory of relationship dissolution

p. 267

Answer 15

Highlights four phases, each successive phase being entered when a specific threshold has been reached. 
Intra-psychic phase
Dyadic phase
Social phase
grave-dressing phase