bony thorax Flashcards
SID for AP lordotic chest
72 inches
AP lordotic chest evaluation criteria
-Sternal clavicular ends projected (above/below) the lung apices
-Distances from the vertebral column to the _____________
-___________ lung field is at the center of the exposure field
-___________________ are included within the exposure field
-above
-clavicular ends are equal
-superior
-Clavicles, apices, and two-thirds of the lungs
positioning for AP lordotic chest
patient stand 12 inches away from IR, lean back, roll shoulders forward
respiration instructions for AP Lordotic Chest
second full inspiration
CR angle for AP lordotic chest (standing)
perpendicular to IR
CR angle for AP lordotic chest (supine)
15-20 cephalic
CR entering for AP lordotic chest (standing and supine)
3-4 inches below the jugular notch (mid-sternum)
CR angle for RAO sternum
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for RAO sternum
center of sternum, 1 inch to the left of midline and midway b/t jugular notch and xiphoid process
SID for sternum (RAO and lateral)
40 inches
kVp for sternum
70-85 for RAO
75-85 for lateral
RAO sternum evaluation criteria
-Sternum is visualized _____________
-Sternum is visualized next to the _____________ with no superimposition by the vertebrae
-No distortion due to ____________
-over the heart shadow
-vertebral column
-over rotation
positioning for RAO sternum
-oblique 15-20 degrees toward right side, RAO
-align long axis of sternum to CR and to midline of bucky
-top of IR approx. 1 1/2 inches superior to the jugular notch
respiration instructions for RAO sternum
expiration
positioning for lateral sternum
arms drawn back, chest thrusted forward
CR angle for lateral sternum
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for lateral sternum
center of sternum (midway between the jugular notch and xiphoid process)
respiration instructions for lateral sternum
inspiration
how much light field should we have for sternum exams?
1.5 inches of light above jugular notch
evaluation criteria for lateral sternum
-Entire sternum with minimal overlap of soft tissues
-Entire sternum with ______________________
-Lower aspect of sternum not obscured by __________
-no superimposition of ribs…no rotation
-breast tissues
which ribs are the true ribs?
ribs 1-7
which ribs are the false ribs?
ribs 8-12
what makes a rib a true vs. false rib?
true rib = articulate directly with the sternum and their costal cartilages
false rib = indirectly connect with sternum; costal cartilage connect with the 7th cartilage by the costochondral joint
false ribs indirectly connect with sternum; costal cartilage connect with the 7th cartilage by the ______________________
costochondral joint
which ribs are the floating ribs?
ribs 11-12 (technically false ribs)
floating ribs do not attach to ________________________
the sternum or to another rib
CR angle for AP/PA bilateral ribs - above diaphragm
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for AP/PA bilateral ribs - above diaphragm
MSP at 3-4 inches below jugular notch (T-7)
CR angle for AP/PA bilateral ribs - below diaphragm
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for AP/PA bilateral ribs - below diaphragm
MSP at level midway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin (slightly above pelvic crest)
breathing instructions for AP/PA bilateral/unilateral ribs - below diaphragm
on full expiration
breathing instructions for AP/PA bilateral/unilateral ribs - above diaphragm
on full inspiration
evaluation criteria for bilateral posterior ribs
-Ribs _________ should be visualized for above diaphragm; _________ for below
-Rotation of the thorax (should/should not) be evident
-Optimal contrast and density to visualize the ribs __________________________
-No motion
-rib 1-9; 10-12 (minimum)
-should not
-through the lungs and heart shadow
evaluation criteria for bilateral anterior ribs - below diaphragm
-Ribs _________ should be visualized for above diaphragm; _________ for below
-Rotation of the thorax (should/should not) be evident
-Optimal contrast and density to visualize the ribs through the ________________
-No motion
-rib 1-9; 10-12 (minimum)
-should not
-dense abdominal organs
CR angle for AP/PA unilateral ribs - above diaphragm
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for AP/PA unilateral ribs - above diaphragm
between MSP and lateral margin of thorax 3-4 inches below jugular notch (T-7)
respiration for AP/PA unilateral ribs - above diaphragm
suspend on full inspiration
CR angle for AP/PA unilateral ribs - below diaphragm
perpendicular to IR
CR entrance for AP/PA unilateral ribs - below diaphragm
between MSP and lateral margin of thorax midway between xiphoid process and the lower rib margin to the affected side
respiration for AP/PA unilateral ribs - below diaphragm
suspend on full expiration
IR size and orientation for bilateral rib study
17x14 landscape
IR size and orientation for unilateral rib study above diaphragm
portrait 14x17
IR size and orientation for unilateral rib study below diaphragm
landscape 14x14
for an anterior rib injury, you would do a(n) ____ projection
PA
for an posterior rib injury, you would do a(n) ____ projection
AP
SID for rib studies
40-72 SID
(instructor preference for 40)
According to Bontrager, patient position for bilateral and unilateral ribs - above diaphragm
erect
According to Bontrager, patient position for bilateral and unilateral ribs - below diaphragm
supine
Rotate patient into _____ posterior or anterior oblique
The affected side __________ to the IR for posterior oblique (AP)
The affected side ______from IR for anterior ribs (PA)
“A” away
45º, closest, away
for oblique ribs, raise _________ arm up and keep _______________ down and away from their side
affected side arm, opposite side arm
you want an RAO sternum to be ____________
over the heart shadow (error on review doc)
Obliquity for RAO sternum
oblique 15-20 degrees toward right side, RAO
jugular notch corresponds to ______
T2-T3
sternal angle corresponds to ________
level of the intervertebral disk space between T4 and T5
Xiphoid process corresponds to _________
T9-T10
Inferior costal margin corresponds to ___________
L2-L3
what is the only bony connection between each shoulder girdle and the bony thorax?
SC joint
for a thicker patient in RAO sternum exams, you would use ___________. for a thinner patient, you would use ________
less obliquity (15 degrees); more obliquity (20 degrees)
