bony points Flashcards
identify the Iliac crest, explaining the shape of it
and how you locate it
The iliac crest (crest of ilium) is the thickened superior border of the bone. When viewed from above, it appears S-shaped, with its anterior portion being concave inwardly and its posterior portion being convex inwardly
identify the ASIS, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is the blunt process that marks the anterior end of the iliac crest. It is subcutaneous and can be palpated at the lateral end of the inguinal fold.
identify the PSIS, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is the blunt process that marks the posterior end of the iliac crest. It cannot be palpated but a small skin dimple often marks its location.
identify the Ischial tuberosity, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The ischial tuberosity is the large, rounded, rough elevation on the dorsal surface of body of ischium.
identify the Greater trochanter, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The greater trochanter is the large, blunt, quadrilateral eminence on the proximal end of the femur. It projects superiorly from the superior aspect of the junction between the neck and body of femur.
identify the Adductor tubercle, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The adductor tubercle is the small prominence found on the superomedial aspect of the medial condyle of femur. It is found at the inferior end of the medial supracondylar line and lies superior to the medial epicondyle of femur. It provides an insertion site for the adductor magnus muscle.
identify the Lateral epicondyle of femur, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The lateral epicondyle (external epicondyle) of femur is the rough eminence found along the lateral aspect of the lateral condyle. It provides an origin site for the popliteus muscle and the lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle, and an attachment site for the fibular collateral ligament.
identify the Medial epicondyle of femur, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The medial epicondyle (internal epicondyle) of femur is the rough eminence found along the medial aspect of the medial condyle. It provides an attachment site for the tibial collateral ligament.
identify the Head of fibula, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The head of fibula is the irregularly shaped, expanded, proximal end of the bone. It is the superior continuation of its neck and contains an apex and articular facet.
identify the Tibial tuberosity, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The tibial tuberosity is the large, oval, elevation found on the anterior aspect of the proximal part of tibia. Its upper half is smooth and provides an attachment site for the patellar ligament, while its lower half is rough and is covered by the infrapatellar bursa.
identify the Medial malleolus, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The medial (tibial) malleolus is the medially located, rounded projection found on the distal end of the tibia. It contains the malleolar groove of tibia and the articular facet of medial malleolus.
identify the Lateral malleolus, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The lateral (fibular) malleolus is the expanded, distal end of the fibula. It contains the malleolar groove of fibula, malleolar fossa, and the articular facet of lateral malleolus.
identify the Sustentaculum tali, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The sustentaculum tali (talar shelf) is the large, shelf-like projection found along the junction between the dorsal and medial surfaces of the calcaneus. It supports the head of talus and contains the middle talar articular facet and the groove for flexor hallucis longus muscle.
identify the Tuberosity of navicular, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The tuberosity of navicular bone is the blunt projection found along the inferomedial aspect of the bone. It provides an insertion site for the tibialis posterior muscle.
identify the base of 5th metatarsal, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The base of fifth metatarsal bone is the expanded, cube-like, proximal end of the bone. It is the proximal continuation of its body and contains a proximal articular facet, fourth metatarsal articular facet and a tuberosity.
identify the Spine of scapula, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The spine of scapula is the triangular, shelf-like plate that projects from the superior area of the dorsal surface of the scapula. The apex of this triangle is located along the medial border of the scapula and extends laterally towards its base, which itself is continuous laterally with the acromion.
identify the Acromion process, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The acromion process has a flattened, broad, and slightly curved shape. It extends laterally from the scapula to form the highest point of the shoulder. It serves as a continuation of the spine of the scapula and provides attachment points for muscles and ligaments.
identify the Acromion angle, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The acromial angle is the blunt, subcutaneous area of the scapula where the lateral border of acromion becomes continuous with the crest of the spine of the scapula.
identify the Coracoid process, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The coracoid process is the thick, curved, anterior projection that extends from the head and neck of the scapula. It provides origin sites for the coracobrachialis and short head of biceps brachii muscles, and an insertion site for the pectoralis minor muscle.
identify the Inferior angle of scapula, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The inferior angle of scapula is the blunt area of the bone where its medial and lateral borders meet. It is located superficial to the seventh rib or the seventh intercostal space and is one of the three angles of the scapula, the other two being the superior and lateral angles
identify the Greater tubercle/tuberosity, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The greater tubercle (greater tuberosity) is the large eminence found on the lateral aspect of the proximal end of the humerus. It projects laterally from the junction between the anatomical neck and body of the humerus. It is located posterolateral to the lesser tubercle, with these two tubercles being separated from each other by the intertubercular sulcus. The greater tubercle contains an anteromedially located crest and three different facets that provide insertion sites for supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor.
identify the Lesser tubercle/tuberosity, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The lesser tubercle (lesser tuberosity, or tubercle of Weber) is the small eminence found on the anterior aspect of the proximal end of the humerus. It projects anteriorly from the junction between the anatomical neck and body of the humerus. It is located anteromedial to the greater tubercle, with these two tubercles being separated from each other by the intertubercular sulcus. The lesser tubercle contains a posterolaterally located crest. It provides an insertion site for the subscapularis muscle, and an attachment site for the transverse humeral ligament.
identify the Intertubercular groove, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The intertubercular sulcus (intertubercular groove or bicipital groove) is the vertical, longitudinal depression found on the anterolateral aspect of the proximal end of the humerus. It is located between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus and is bounded by the crests of these tubercles. Its inferior end is continuous with the anteromedial surface of the humerus.
identify the Medial epicondyle of humerus, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The medial epicondyle (internal epicondyle) of humerus is the subcutaneous projection found at the distal end of the medial supracondylar ridge. It is more prominent than the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. The medial epicondyle contains the groove for ulnar nerve.
identify the Lateral epicondyle of humerus, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The lateral epicondyle (external epicondyle) of humerus is the projection found at the distal end of the lateral supracondylar ridge. It is less prominent than the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
identify the Head of radius, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The head of radius is the disc shaped, expanded portion on the proximal part of the bone. It is the superior continuation of the neck of the radius.
identify the Styloid process of radius, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The radial styloid process is the blunt projection found on the inferolateral aspect of the distal part of radius.
identify the Ulnar styloid process, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The ulnar styloid process is the subcutaneous, cylindrical projection found on the posteromedial aspect of the distal part of ulna. It provides an attachment site for the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist joint.
identify the Head of ulna, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The head of ulna is the round, expanded portion on the distal part of the bone.
identify the Pisiform, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The pisiform bone is one of the eight carpal bones of the hand. It’s pea-shaped and is found in the proximal row of carpal bones. It’s classified as a sesamoid bone
identify the Hook of hamate, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The hook (hamulus) of hamate is the curved anterior projection found at the distal end of the palmar aspect of the bone. It provides origin sites for the flexor digiti minimi brevis and opponens digiti minimi muscles, and attachment sites for the flexor retinaculum of hand and the pisohamate ligament.
identify the Tubercle of scaphoid, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The tubercle (tuberosity) of scaphoid is the rounded projection found at the distal end of the palmar aspect of the bone. It provides an origin site for the abductor pollicis brevis muscle, and an attachment site for the flexor retinaculum of hand.
identify the Tubercle of trapezium, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
The tubercle of trapezium is the prominent, vertical ridge found on the palmar aspect of the bone. It provides origin sites for the abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis muscles, and an attachment site for the flexor retinaculum of hand.
identify the Lumbar spinous process of ONE of L1-L5, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
Inferior portion of back, spinous processes are blunt and broad and point posteriorly,
identify the Thoracic spinous process of ONE of T1-T12, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
Chest region, spinous process is long, slender, not split, and points inferiorly
identify the Cervical spinous process of ONE of C2-C7, explaining the shape of it and how you locate it
Neck region, spinous processes are long, have split tip, and point inferiorly
