Bones Of The Lower Extremity Flashcards
The pelvic girdle and lower extremities consist of these many bones
What are 62 bones?
The pelvic girdle and lower extremities are part of the skeletal system
What is the appendicular skeleton system?
The right and left hip bone, as well as the sacrum and coccyx are the four bones that make up this
What is the pelvic girdle?
Anteriorly these two hipbones unite to form this joint
What is the pubis symphysis?
Posteriorly the two hip bones unite with the sacrum to form this joint
What is the sacroiliac joint?
This is described as a complete ring of bone, or a deep basin-like structure, formed by the two hipbones, the pubis symphysis, and the sacrum
What is the bony pelvis?
As infants, this hip bones are in these three pieces are united by cartilage and by the time we’re 23 years old, these pieces would have fused together completely (what are the name of the three pieces)
The ilium, ischium, and the pubis
This part of the HIP bone is the most superior and largest part of the hip bone.
What is the ilium?
This is known as the most superior border of the ilium.
What is the iliac crest?
Located below the posterior superior iliac spine, is this notch, which allows for the passage of the sciatic nerve, the longest nerve in the body
 What is the greater sciatic notch?
The iliac crest end anteriorly as this
What is the anterior superior iliac spine?
The iliac crest ends posteriorly as this
What is the posterior superior iliac spine?
The function of the anterior and posterior iliac spine is a point of attachment for this
What are muscles of the abdominal wall?
This posterior inferior portion of the pelvic girdle is what we are known to sit on
What is the ischium?
This anterior inferior portion of the pelvic girdle, unites anteriorly to form the pubic symphysis
What is the pubis bone?
This consist of a disc of fibrocartilage, which is the hardest cartilage located adjacent to the pubis bone.
What is the pubis symphysis?
This deep fossa is formed by the fusion of the ilium, pubis, and ischium, and articulates with the head of the femur to form the coxal joint, a.k.a. hip joint.
What is the acetabulum?
This is the largest Foreman in the entire skeleton of the entire human body, between the pubis in the ischium, and although covered by a membrane is still allows blood vessels and nerves to pass through
What is the obturator foramen
This is the largest, the heaviest, and the strongest bone in the human body
What is the femur?
This articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone.
What is the head of the femur?
This constricted portion is located, just distal to the head of the femur and is usually the part that is broken when people say they have a broken hip
What is the neck of the femur?
This large, roughened projection is located on the lateral side of the femur
What is the greater trochanter?
This vertical ridge located on the posterior surface of the diaphysis of the femur, serves as a thigh muscle attachment
What is the linea aspera?
This part of the femur is located inferior in medial to the greater trochanter, and is smaller than the greater trochanter
What is the lesser trochanter?
These are expanded portions of the metaphysis that articulates with the medial and lateral condyle’s of the tibia
What are the medial and lateral condyle’s of the femur?
This bony protrusion is located above the medial and lateral condyle’s and is where the ligaments for the knee joint attach
What are the medial and lateral epicondyle of the femur?
This depression is on the posterior surface of the femur, and is located between the medial and lateral condyle’s
What is the intercondylar fossa of the femur?
This slight depression, on the anterior surface of the femur is situated between the condyles the patella or kneecap is situated in front of this
What is the patellar surface of the femur.
This small triangular sesamoid bone is known informally as the kneecap, embedded in the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle
What is the patella?
This is the larger and medial bones of the leg
What is the tibia?
The expanding proximal end of this bone articulate with the medial and lateral condyle of the femur
What is the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia?
This slight upward projection between the medial and lateral condyle’s of this bone articulates with the intercondylar fossa on the femur
What is the intercondylar eminence of the tibia?
This roughened process for the attachment of the patellar ligament is located on the anterior aspect of this tibia.
What is the tibial tuberosity?
This medial projection articulates with the talus bone of the ankle on the tibia
What is the medial malleolus of the tibia?
This is the longer but thinner, lateral bone of the leg
What is the fibula?
This bone articulates with the inferior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia below the level of the knee joint
What is the head of the fibula?
This lateral projection of the fibula articulates with the talus bone of the ankle
What is the lateral malleolus of the fibula?
These three group of bones of the feet are quite similar to the carpals metacarpals and phalanges are the upper extremities
What are the tarsals metatarsals and phalanges of the lower extremities
This is the most superior bone of the ankle, and articulates with the tibia and uvula forming the ankle joint
What is the talus a.k.a. Astragalus
This is the largest and strongest, tarsal bone. It is the heel bone found in the posterior part of the foot.
What is the calcaneus bone?
These wedge shaped are apart of the tarsal’s are located anterior to the navicular
What are the medial intermediate and lateral cuneiforms?
This cube shaped bone of the tarsals lies lateral to the cuneiform bones
What is the cuboid bone?
Name of the seven bones of the tarsals
What is the medial cuneiform the intermediate cuneiform the lateral cuneiform, the cuboid, the navicular, the calcaneus and the talus.
There are these mini metatarsal bones per foot
What are five bones per foot 10 for Tusy
These bones of the feet articulate posteriorly with the tarsal bones
What are the metatarsal bones?
These bones articulate anteriorly with the phalanges and are proximal to the phalanges?
What are the metatarsal bones?
How many bones are found in the phalanges?
14 per foot - 28 for the 2 feet
The big toe is also known officially as this
What is the hallux?
Each phalange has three bones, except for the first hallux also known as the big toe, which only has this amount
What are two bones?
How many phalanges are there in the entire human body?
They are 56 - 28 in the feet 28 in the hand
