Bones, Joints, and Muscles of the foot

Question 1

what are the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges in foot?

Answer 1

T is pink
M is blue
P is green

Question 2

what are the seven bone in tarsals

Answer 2

• Talus
  o Calcaneus
  o Navicular
  o Cuboid and
  o Three cuneiforms (Medial, intermediate and lateral)

Question 3

what are metatarsals?

Answer 3

• Five metatarsals that are numbered from the medial
  side of the foot
• The 1st metatarsal is shorter and stouter than the
  others.
• The 2nd metatarsal is the longest.
• Each metatarsal has a base proximally, a shaft, and a
  head distally.
• The bases of the metatarsals articulate with the
  cuneiform and cuboid bones, and the heads articulate
  with the proximal phalanges

Question 4

what are phalanges?

Answer 4

14 phalanges
* The 1st digit (great toe)
has 2 phalanges: proximal
and distal
* The other four digits have
3 phalanges each:
proximal, middle, and
distal
* Each phalanx has a base
(proximally), a shaft, and a
head (distally).

Question 5

what is the articulation, type and movements of ankle joint

Answer 5

articulation - Distal ends of tibia and fibula and superior aspect of talus
type - Hinge Synovial Joint
movements - Plantar and dorsi-flexion

Question 6

what are the 3 lateral collateral ankle joint ligaments?

Answer 6

• Posterior Talofibular Ligament
• Anterior Talofibular Ligament
• Calcaneofibular Ligament

Question 7

what are the 4 medial collateral ankle joint ligaments?

Answer 7

• Anterior Tibiotalar Ligament
• Tibionavicular Ligament
• Posterior Tibiotalar Ligament
• Tibiocalcaneal Ligament

Question 8

what are intertarsal joints?

Answer 8

• Subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint
• Transverse tarsal joint (calcaneocuboid and
  talonavicular joints).
• Inversion and eversion of the foot are the main
  movements involving these joints

Question 9

what joint is this?

Answer 9

tarsometatarsal

Question 10

what are the two synovials?

Answer 10

interphalangeal
metatarsophalangeal

Question 11

label the foot ligaments

long plantar ligament, spring ligament

Answer 11

Question 12

label the four foot ligaments

• Spring (calcaneonavicular ligament
• Long plantar ligament
• Short plantar ligament
• Plantar aponeurosis

Answer 12

Question 13

what do the bones of the arches of the foot form?

Answer 13

form longitudinal and transverse arches relative to the ground

Question 14

what are the 2 longitudinal arches?

Answer 14

medial longitudinal arch
lateral longitudinal arch

Question 15

what is this arch?

Answer 15

Transverse arch

Question 16

ligament and muscle support for arches of foot

Answer 16

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Plantar aponeurosis
Long plantar ligament
Short plantar ligament

Question 17

what are the two muscles and innvervation in the dorsum of the foot?

Answer 17

• Extensor Digitorum Brevis- extends digits 2-4
• Extensor Hallucis Brevis- extends first digit

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve

Question 18

what are the muscles in sole of foot?

Answer 18

• The muscles in the sole of the foot are organized into four layers.
• They are innervated by medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 19

label the correct nerve in sole of foot

lateral plantar nerve
medial plantar nerve
tibial nerve

Answer 19

Question 20

label the first layer of the foot

Answer 20

Question 21

label the second layer of the foot

Answer 21

Question 22

label the third layer of the foot

Answer 22

Question 23

label the fourth layer of the foot

Answer 23