Bones and Muscles of Upper Extremity

Question 1

the shoulder girdle refers to what

Answer 1

clavicle and scapula

Question 2

humeral head sits in shallow socket called

Answer 2

glenoid cavity

Question 3

the humerus and radius articulate at the

Answer 3

capitulum

Question 4

the humerus and ulna articulate at the

Answer 4

trochlea (the ulna wraps around the trochlea)

trochlea means pulley

Question 5

why is the olecranon process of the elbow important

Answer 5

attachment point for muscles and adds a lot of stability to elbow join

Question 6

the main wrist joint is between the radius and which two carpal bones?

Answer 6

scaphoid and lunate

Question 7

why is the trapezium carpal bone important?

Answer 7

articulates with the first metacarpal and is responsible for our ability to have much mobility in our thumb

Question 8

tough band of connective tissue that passes from medial to lateral carpal bones. What is?

Answer 8

transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum)

tendons controlling fingers and median nerve pass through this carpal tunnel

Question 9

pectoral major muscle (abducts/adducts) the shoulder?

Answer 9

abducts

Question 10

deltoid muscle (abducts/adducts) the shoulder?

Answer 10

abducts

Question 11

what function does latissimus dorsi have?

Answer 11

extends the shoulder (prominent in swimmers)

Question 12

what does the supraspinatus muscle do? (deep posterior shoulder)

Answer 12

abducts shoulder

Question 13

what do the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles do? (deep posterior shoulder)

Answer 13

laterally rotate shoulder

Question 14

which muscles form the rotator cuff?

Answer 14

supraspinatus (abducts shoulder)
subscapularis (medially rotates shoulder)
biceps (flex elbow)

Question 15

in the forearm, the wrist and digital extensors are (medial/lateral) and the flexors are (medial/lateral)?

Answer 15

wrist and digital extensors are lateral

wrist and digital flexors are medial

Question 16

abductor pollicis brevis of hand does what?

Answer 16

abducts thumb

Question 17

flexor pollicis brevis of hand does what?

Answer 17

flexes thumb

Question 18

opponens pollicis of hand does what?

Answer 18

opposes thumb

pollex is latin for thumb

Question 19

the anterior hand muscles are called what (generally)

Answer 19

thinner muscles

Question 20

describe abduction, flexion, and opposition movement of the thumb

Answer 20

abduction - carries thumb away from plane of palm
flexion - carries thumb across the palm (extension carries it backwards)
opposition - carries tip of thumb against tip of fingers (for grasping)

flexion, abduction, and opposition create the opposable thumb