Bones and Muscles + Movement (Arm)

Question 1

Clavicle

Answer 1

Sternal

Acromial surfaces

Question 2

Scapula

Answer 2

Vertebral border
Spine
Superior and Inferior angles
Acromion and coracoid processes
Supraspinous, infraspinous, subscapular and glenoid fossae

Question 3

Proximal humerus

Answer 3

Head
Anatomical and Surgical necks
Greater and lesser tubercles
Intertubercular and spiral grooves

Question 4

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 4

Support: sternoclavicular ligament, costoclavicular ligament, joint capsule, subclavius muscle

Clinical: strong ligaments prevent dislocation, ankylosis limits arm elevation

Movement: elevation/depression of arm during flexion and extension + ab/adduction and movement at glenohumeral joint

Question 5

Acromioclavicular joint

Answer 5

Support: Coracoclavicular ligament and joint capsule

Clinical: dislocated by direct force, “shoulder separation”

Movement: rotation assists shoulder movement

Question 6

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 6

Support: Musculotendinous rotator cuff, glenohumeral ligaments, glenoid labrum, joint capsule

Clinical: Range limited by pain from bursitis or rotator cuff tendinitis. Range limited by dislocation from excessive abduction, extension and lateral rotation

Movement: ab/duction, flexion/extension, medial and lateral rotation; circumduction

Question 7

Scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 7

for every 3˚ of elevation; 2˚ at glenohumeral and 1˚ from scapula, SC and AC joints

Question 8

Rotator Cuff

Answer 8

Glenohumeral support

SITS: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 9

Protractors of Scapula

Answer 9

Serratus anterior, pectoralis minor

Question 10

Retractors of Scapula

Answer 10

Rhomboids, middle fibers of the trapezius

Question 11

Elevation of Scapula

Answer 11

levator scapulae, rhomboids, superior fibers of the trapezius

Question 12

Depression of Scapula

Answer 12

Pectoralis minor, inferior fibers of the trapezius

Question 13

Upward rotation of Scapula

Answer 13

Serratus anterior, Superior and inferior fibers of trapezius

Question 14

Downward rotation of Scapula

Answer 14

Levator scapulae, rhomboids

Question 15

Flexion of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 15

Pectoralis major, ant. deltoid fibers

Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis

Question 16

Extension of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 16

Post. deltoid fibers, latissimus dorsi, teres major
Triceps brachii (long head)

Question 17

Abduction of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 17

Deltoid and supraspinatus

Question 18

Adduction of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 18

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major

Question 19

Medial rotation of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 19

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, ant. deltoid fibers, subscapularis

Question 20

Lateral of humerus at glenohumeral joint

Answer 20

Post. deltoid fibers, infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 21

Anastamosis

Answer 21

From Suprascapular and dorsal scapular (subclavian) to circumflex scapular (axillary); collateral circulation

Question 22

Shaft and distal humerus

Answer 22

Spiral (radial) groove, medial and lateral epicondyles, olecranon, radial and coronoid fossae, trochlea and capitulum

Question 23

Proximal radius

Answer 23

Head, neck, tuberosity

Question 24

Proximal ulna

Answer 24

Olecranon and coronoid processes, tuberosity, trochlear notch

Question 25

Elbow Joint

Answer 25

Support: radial and ulnar collateral ligaments, annular ligament Clinical: ulna dislocates posteriorly, radius inferiorly; epicondylitis gives pain due to overuse of forearm muscles Movement: flexion and extension

Question 26

Proximal radioulnar

Answer 26

Support: radial and ulnar collateral ligaments, annular ligaments Dislocation: ulna dislocates posteriorly, radius inferiorly Movement: pronation, supination

Question 27

Anterior arm compartment

Answer 27

Flexion at glenohumeral and elbow joint Musculocutaneous n. Brachial a.

Question 28

Posterior arm compartment

Answer 28

Extension at glenohumeral and elbow joint Radial n. Deep brachial a.

Question 29

Flexion at glenohumeral joint

Answer 29

Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis

Question 30

Extension at glenohumeral joint

Answer 30

Long head of triceps

Question 31

Flexion at elbow

Answer 31

Biceps brachii, brachialis

Question 32

Extension at elbow

Answer 32

Long, lateral and medial heads of triceps brachii

Question 33

Supination at elbow

Answer 33

Biceps brachii