Bones and joints of thorax

Question 1

True Ribs

Answer 1

Ribs 1-7
-Attach directly to sternum via their own costal cartilage

Question 2

False Ribs

Answer 2

Ribs 8-10
-Attach indirectly to the sternum via the costal cartilage of rib above

Question 3

Floating Ribs

Answer 3

Ribs 11-12
-Do not attach to sternum

Question 4

Features of a typical rib

Answer 4

-Head- two articular facets separated by a crest
-Neck
-Tubercle- Has articular and nonarticular parts
Shaft- Has costal groove on medial surface along inferior border and curves around to form the angle

Question 5

Thoracic vertebrae appearance

Answer 5

-Heart shaped body
-Small, round vertebral foramen
-Long inferiorly sloped spinous process
-Articular facets orientated in coronal plane
-Costal facets/demifacets on body and transverse processes

Question 6

Parts of the sternum

Answer 6

-Manubrium
-Body
-Xiphoid process

Question 7

Thoracic inlet (superior thoracic aperture)

Answer 7

Borders= Anterior- manubrium of sternum
Lateral- 1st ribs and costal cartilages
Posterior- T1 vertebrae

Question 8

Thoracic outlet (inferior thoracic aperture)

Answer 8

Borders= Anterior- Xiphisternal joint and costal margin
Lateral- floating ribs
Posterior- T12 vertebrae
-Closed off by thoracic diaphragm

Question 9

Joints of thorax

Answer 9

Sternum- Manubriosternal and xiphisternal joints

Ribs (anterior)- Sternocostal joints 1st,2nd-7th Costochondral joints and Interchondral joints

Ribs (posterior)- Costovertebral and costotransverse joints

Question 10

Manubriosternal joint position, classification and movement

Answer 10

-Between manubrium and body of sternum
-Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
-Slightly moveable

Question 11

Xiphisternal joint position, classification and movement

Answer 11

-Between xiphoid process and body of sternum
-Secondary cartilaginous (symphysis)
-Slightly moveable (but ossifies in middle age)

Question 12

Sternocostal joints location, classification and movement

Answer 12

-Between sternum and costal cartilages of ribs 1-7

1st sternocostal joint=primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis), immovable
2nd-7th sternocostal joint= synovial, multiaxial, plane and small gliding movements

Question 13

Costochondral joints location, classification and movement

Answer 13

-Between ribs and their costal cartilages
-Primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis)
-Immoveable

Question 14

Interchondral joints location, classification

Answer 14

-Between costal cartilages of ribs 6-10
-6-7, 7-8 and 8-9= synovial, multiaxial, plane
9-10=fibrous

Question 15

Costovertebral joints classification, articular surface and movement

Answer 15

-Synovial, multiaxial, plane
-Heads of ribs and bodies of thoracic vertebrae
-Small gliding movements

Question 16

Costotransverse joint classification, articular surface and movement

Answer 16

-Synovial, multiaxial, plane
-Tubercle of ribs (anterior part) and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
-Small gliding movement

Question 17

Costovertebral joint ligaments

Answer 17

-Radiate ligament
-Intra-articular ligament

Question 18

Radiate ligament location and function

Answer 18

-Head of rib to body of corresponding vertebra, body of vertebra above and intervening IVD
-Reinforces joint capsule

Question 19

Intra-articular ligament location and function

Answer 19

-From head of rib (cret between two articular facets) to IVD
-Divides joint cavity into two

Question 20

Costotransverse joint ligaments

Answer 20

-Superior costotransverse ligament
-Lateral costotransverse ligament
-Costotransverse ligament

Question 21

Superior costotransverse ligament location

Answer 21

From neck of rib to transverse process of vertebra above

Question 22

Lateral costotransverse ligament location

Answer 22

From tubercle of rib (non articular part) to tip of transverse process of corresponding vertebra

Question 23

Costotransverse ligament location

Answer 23

From back of neck of rib to front of transverse process of corresponding vertebrae