Bones Flashcards
Cause: osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
loss of articular cartilage
autoimmune
symptoms: osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
O - better at rest, assymetrical, unilateral, weight bearing joints, not inflammatory
R - morning stiffness, symmetrical. multiple joints, MCPs and PIPs
signs: osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
O - squaring thumb
R - Swann neck, boutonniere, ulnar deviation
investigation: osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
O - X-ray - osteophytes, joint narrowing
R - full bloods - rheumatoid factor, Anti-CCP
Management: osteoarthritis vs rheumatoid arthritis
O - paracetamol, NSAIDs, surgery
R - DMARDs (anti rheumatic) (methotrexate)
septic arthritis: clinical features
subacute onset over 1-2 weeks
painful, red, swollen, joint
knee most common
fever only 50%
septic arthritis: diagnosis
aspirate - pus, gram stain, WCC, C&S
blood cultures
septic arthritis: most common organism
staph aureus
septic arthritis: management
IV antibiotics
analgesia
daily aspiration
refer prosthetic to ortho
acute gout: clinical features
crystal inflammation - rapid onset, severe pain swelling and erythema, very tender
skin desquamation
1st attack in in big toe normally
acute gout: diagnosis
crystal identification - gold standard
serum uric acid
acute gout: management
NSAIDs, colchicine, corticosteroids
allopurinol if chronic
ice therapy
acute pseudogout: clinical features
synovitis in single joint rapid onset severe heat, pain, swelling exquisite tenderness knee common
acute pseudogout: diagnosis
crystal identification - calcium pyrophosphate
acute pseudogout: management
joint aspiration/injection NSAID colchicine steorid ice therapy
