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Bones Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Where are the C- vertebrae located and how many are there?

A

Upper portion of the spine, 7 vertebrae.

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2
Q

Where are the T-vertebrae located and how many are there ?

A

Mid portion of the spine, 12 vertebrae.

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3
Q

Where are the L-vertebrae located and how many are there ?

A

Lower most portion of the spine, 5 vertebrae.

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4
Q

Name the right landmarks of the scapula.

A

Coracoid process, acromion process, glenoid cavity, lateral border, medial border, scapular spine, superior angle, inferior angle.

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5
Q

The acromion process articulates with the _______ to form the acromioclavicular joint.

A

Clavicle

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6
Q

The glenoid cavity articulates with ______ to form a deep and tight ball and socket joint.

A

The head of the humerus.

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7
Q

The scapular spines extends to hold what process at the distal end ?

A

The acromion

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8
Q

Where is the glenoid cavity found ?

A

On the lateral side of the scapula.

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9
Q

Name the ten landmarks of the humerus.

A

The head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, deltoid tuberosity, medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, capitulum, coronoid fossa, olecrenon fossa, trochlea.

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10
Q

The greater tubercle is a Point of Attachment of ______ .

A

Three rotator cuff muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor.

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11
Q

The lesser tubercle is a point of attachment of _______.

A

One rotator cuff muscle, the subscapularis.

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12
Q

The deltoid tuberosity is a point of attachment for _______.

A

The deltoid.

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13
Q

The medial epicondyle is important because …

A

It is the point of attachment for all extrinsic flexor hand muscles.

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14
Q

The lateral epicondyle is a point of attachment for ______.

A

All extrinsic extensor hand muscles.

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15
Q

The Capitulum articulates with _____.

A

The head of the radius.

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16
Q

The Trochlea is like a set of vice grips that hold what?

A

The trochlear notch of ulna.

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17
Q

The coronoid fossa’s main purpose is to …

A

Receive the head coronoid fossa during flexion.

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18
Q

The olecranon fossa receives the olecranon during what movement?

A

Extension.

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19
Q

The head of the humerus articulates with what to create a ball and socket joint?

A

The glenoid cavity.

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20
Q

The olecranon process is received by what during extension ?

A

The olecranon fossa.

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21
Q

The coronoid process is a Point of attachment of _____ and _____.

A

The pronator teres and the brachii.

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22
Q

The styloid process is a point of attachment of what muscle ?

A

The extensor carpi ulnaris.

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23
Q

The radial notch of ulna receives the _____ of the radius.

A

The head.

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24
Q

The radial tuberosity is a point of attachment of what muscle?

A

The biceps brachii.

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25
Q

The styloid process of radius is important because…

A

It is a point of attachment of the brachioradialis.

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26
Q

The ulna is _____.

A

Medial

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27
Q

The radius is _____.

A

Lateral.

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28
Q

Name two important carpals.

A

Scaphoid and pisiform.

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29
Q

The point of attachment of wrist and finger flexors and extensors on the hand is where ?

A

The metacarpals

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30
Q

Phalanges are …

A

Fingers

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31
Q

What is a finger joint called?

A

An interphalangal joint.

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32
Q

The pelvis has how many important landmarks ?

A

Seventeen.

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33
Q

Name the 11 anterior landmarks.

A

Sacrum, sacroiliac joint, anterior superior iliac spine, anterior inferior iliac spine, acetabulum, obturator foramen, pubis symphysis, crest of ilium, ilium, ischium, pubis.

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34
Q

The sacrum is the Point of attachment of why muscle?

A

The external obliques and transverse abdominus.

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35
Q

What articulates to create the sacroiliac joint ?

A

The pelvic girdle and the sacrum.

36
Q

The acetabulum is made up of what three bones ?

A

The ischium, ilium and pubis.

37
Q

The ball and socket joint of the pelvis is …

A

The acetabulum.

38
Q

The acetabulum receives the ____ of the femur.

A

The head.

39
Q

What joins the two pelvic bones together ?

A

Symphysis pubis

40
Q

Name the 6 posterior landmarks of the pelvis.

A

The l5 vertebrae, the coccyx, the posterior superior iliac spine, posterior inferior iliac spine, ischial spine, ischial tuberosity.

41
Q

The coccyx is composed of how many fused bones?

A

3 to 5 but generally 4.

42
Q

The ischial tuberosity is a point of attachment for what group of muscles?

A

The hamstrings.

43
Q

Name the 11 landmarks of the femur.

A

Head, neck, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, adductor tubercle, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, lateral condyle, medial condyle, patellar grove.

44
Q

The head of the femur articulates with what ?

A

The acetabulum.

45
Q

The greater trochanter is a point of attachment of which three muscles?

A

The gluteus minimus, medius and Maximus.

46
Q

The lesser trochanter is a point of attachment of which three muscles ?

A

Illiopsoas, psoas major and the pectineus.

47
Q

The adductor Magnus attaches to which projection on the femur?

A

The adductor tubercle.

48
Q

The later epicondyle is a point of attachment for the semimembranosus as well as what ligament?

A

The lateral collateral ligament (LCL).

49
Q

The medial condyle is a point of attachment for…

A

The medial collateral ligament (MCL)

50
Q

The lateral condyle of the femur articulates with the lateral condyle of the tibia. What ligament originates from the lateral condyle?

A

The anterior cruiciate ligament ( ACL)

51
Q

The medial condyle of the femur articulates with the medial condyle of the tibia. Which ligament originates front the medial condyle of the femur?

A

The posterior cruiciate ligament (PCL)

52
Q

Is your tibia lateral or medial?

A

Medial.

53
Q

True or false: your fibula is only a weight bearing bone.

A

True.

54
Q

Name the 5 landmarks of the tibia.

A

Medial condyle, lateral condyle, tibial tuberosity, anterior crest and the medial malleolus.

55
Q

What projection of the tibia forms the medial wall of the ankle joint?

A

The medial malleolus.

56
Q

The tibial tuberosity serves what purpose?

A

The point of attachment of the patellar ligament.

57
Q

True or false: the anterior crest is not covered by muscle.

A

True.

58
Q

Name the two landmarks of the fibula.

A

The head and the lateral malleolus.

59
Q

The lateral malleolus makes up the lateral _____ of the ankle joint ?

A

The lateral wall.

60
Q

Name the 4 landmarks of the foot.

A

Talus, calcaneus, metatarsals and phalanges.

61
Q

How many tarsals are there ?

A

Seven.

62
Q

Name two tarsals.

A

Talus, calcaneus.

63
Q

Name the big toe.

A

The great toe.

64
Q

The 5th toe serves what purpose?

A

Balance and stability.

65
Q

Name the 12 landmarks of the skull.

A

Frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bones, Wormian bones, occipital bone, nuchal line, external auditory meatus, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic bone, nasal bone and the mastoid process.

66
Q

The forehead is made up of what bone ?

A

The frontal bone.

67
Q

The temples consist I what bone ?

A

The temporal bones.

68
Q

Fusion points of bones are called ______.

A

Sutures.

69
Q

Soft spots are what ?

A

Wormian bones.

70
Q

Visual nerve endings occur where ?

A

On the occipital bone.

71
Q

The ear canal is called what ?

A

The external auditory meatus.

72
Q

Your upper jaw is the …

A

Maxilla.

73
Q

Your mandible is your _____ bone.

A

Jaw

74
Q

A cheek bone is really the _______.

A

Zygomatic bone.

75
Q

Mouth guards prevent concussions by increasing the space between your mandible and your zygomatic by how much ?

A

1/8th of an inch.

76
Q

Name the 4 regions of the spine.

A

Cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae and the sacral and coccygeal region.

77
Q

The first vertebrae is called atlas, the second axis. Why are the special ?

A

The atlas pivots around the axis allowing extended range of motion.

78
Q

Intervertebral disks are made up of what percentage of water ?

A

90%

79
Q

The cervical vertebrae region is composed of how many vertebrae?

A

7 vertebrae.

80
Q

The thoracic vertebrae region is made up of how many vertebrae?

A

12 vertebrae.

81
Q

The lumbar vertebrae region is made up of how many vertebrae?

A

5 vertebrae.

82
Q

How many bones are fused together to form the sacral?

A

5 bones.

83
Q

At what vertebra do spinal nerves end at ?

A

L2, 2nd lumbar vertebra

84
Q

Name the 7 landmarks of the thoracic cavity.

A

Seven true ribs, three false ribs, two floating ribs, costal cartilage, manubrium, sternum and xiphoid.

85
Q

The manubrium is attached to how many bones ?

A

5 bones.

86
Q

If the seven true ribs are attached both posteriorly and anteriorly, how are the two floating ribs attached ?

A

Posteriorly, no anterior attachment.

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