Bones Flashcards
Week 2
Describe the human skeleton
The human skeleton is made up of over 200 bones, held together by ligaments.
An articulation occurs when two or more bones meet to form a joint.
What two main sections can the human skeleton be divided into?
Axial and Appendicular
What is an axial skeleton?
Forms the basic central structure to support the remainder of the skeleton
What is the function of the axial skeleton?
It serves to protect many of the vital organs:
- Skull protects the brain
- Vertebrae protects the spinal cord
- Ribs protect the heart, lungs and kidneys
What is the appendicular skeleton?
The appendicular skeleton assists with movement and includes all the major limbs
What major limbs are included in the appendicular skeleton?
- Arms
- Legs
- Shoulder and pelvic girdles
What are the planes of motion and axes of rotation?
Fundamental concepts that help understand human movement. They describe how and around which axes the body moves during different activities.
What are the three main planes of motion?
- Sagittal
- Frontal
- Transverse
Describe the transverse plane
The transverse plane divides the body into upper and lower halves.
- Motion Anterior/ Posterior and parallel to ground
Describe the movement of a transverse plane and provide an example
Movements that occur in this plane involve rotation or twisting.
- Ice skater rotating
What is the axis of rotation for a transverse plane?
The axis of rotation for this plane is the horizontal axis.
Describe the frontal plane
The frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves
- Motion Lateral / Medial
Describe the movement of a frontal plane and provide an example
Movements that occur in this plane involve side-to-side motion.
- Star jumps
- Cartwheel
What is the axis of rotation for a frontal plane?
The axis of rotation for this plane is the medial axis, which runs vertically from front to back.
Describe the sagittal plane
The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves.
- Motion Anterior/Posterior and perpendicular to ground
Describe the movement of a sagittal plane and provide an example
Movements that occur in this plane involve forward and backward motion.
- Olympic Diver
What is the axis of rotation for a sagittal plane?
The axis of rotation for this plane is the medial axis, which runs horizontally from side to side.
Describe the movement of the pin on a sagittal plane.
A pin must go in sideways to allow the
movement
Describe the movement of the pin on a frontal plane
A pin must go in front to back in order to allow movement
Describe the movement of the pin on a transverse plane
A pin must go in from top to bottom to allow movement
