Bones Flashcards
What is endochrondrial ossification?
Process in which initial small hyaline cartilage version grows & turns into bone
Ossification
Turns into bone
What is at the end of each bone?
An epiphysis
An epiphyseal growth plate
Metaphysis
Diaphysis
What is the structure of the outer cortex of a bone like?
Dense, strong, heavy & compact bone
What is the inner medulla of a bone like?
Porous, weaker, light & spongy bone
Compact bone
Cortical
Spongy bone
Cancellous or Trabecular
What is bone marrow the site of in some bones?
Rbc & Wbc production
Periosteum
The membrane of blood vessels that wrap around bones, fibrous connective tissue
When do bony features develop?
Best shape for job
Adjacent structure applies force to developing bone
Adjacent structure is developing at same time
What are the 3 divisions of the cranial cavity?
Anterior Cranial Fossae
Middle Cranial Fossae
Posterior Cranial Fossae
What is foraminae?
A hole, in which the cranial nerves & brains blood vessels pass through in/out
Axial Skeleton
Bones of Skull, Neck, trunk,
Slightly orangey
Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of Pectoral girdle, Upper limbs, Pelvic girdle, lower limb
How many vertebrae?
33
What are the divisions of the vertebral column?
Cervical C1-C7
Thoracic T1-T12
Lumbar L1-L5
Sacral, 5 fused to form one sacrum
Coccygeal, 4 fused to form one coccyx
Facet Joint
Between articular processes of 2 adjacent vertebrae
Affected by arthritis
Intervertebral Foramen
Form between adjacent vertebrae
Spinal nerves emerge through
Functions of bone
Support & protection of organs
Calcium metabolism
Rbc formation
Attachment for skeletal muscles
Features of cartilage
Avascular
Less rigid than bone
Located where mobility is required at articulations
