Bones

Question 1

What hormones promote osteoblasts ?

Answer 1

Growth Hormone, Oestrogen, thyroid hormone and calcitonin

Question 2

What hormones promote osteoclasts?

Answer 2

Cortisol and parathyroid hormone

Question 3

What are the cells of the bones?

Answer 3

Osteoblasts - create bone matter
Osteoclasts- break down bone matter
Osteocytes- mature cells which control the daily metabolism of the bones

Question 4

What four things are within a compact bone/ osteon ?

Answer 4

haversian canal = blood vessels - carry minerals in and out of the cell
lamellae= extra cellular matrix
canaliculi = tiny canals connecting nutrients and waste
lacunae = small spaces with osteocytes in them

Question 5

2 kinds of bones in the body

Answer 5

Compact bone- osteons
Spongy bones- tribeculae and bone marrow

Question 6

What 3 things do bones contain?

Answer 6

Connective tissue, extracellular matrix, collagen and minerals

minerals include calcium, magnesium, potassium and sulphate

Question 7

What is the name of the cartilage that covers the epiphyses that continues growing to the age of 18/21?

Answer 7

Hyaline cartilage

Question 8

What is the outer layer of a bone called and describe it?

Answer 8

The outer layer is called the periostium

It’s a double layered membrane.

The outside is called the FIBROUS LAYER and it’s there for protection

The inside layer is called the CELLULAR LAYER and it’s contains the osteoblasts and osteoclasts