Bones

Question 1

Long bones

Answer 1

3 centers of ossification, diaphysis and one for each epiphysis
has medullary cavity
ex: humerus

Question 2

short bones

Answer 2

no dimension that greatly exceeds others, no medullary cavity
ex: carpus

Question 3

flat bones

Answer 3

expanded in 2 directions, no medullary cavity
ex: skull

Question 4

pneumatic bones

Answer 4

contain air-filled spaces, no shape classification
ex: frontal bone

Question 5

irregular bone

Answer 5

complex shapes, doesn’t fit in other catergories
ex: vertebrae

Question 6

compact

Answer 6

very thin on border
no spaces in cells, very dense and rigid

Question 7

spongy

Answer 7

in middle of bone

Question 8

epiphysis

Answer 8

extremity on each end of long bone

Question 9

diaphysis

Answer 9

body of long bone

Question 10

metaphysis

Answer 10

immediately close to physis

Question 11

cortex

Answer 11

border along long bone

Question 12

physis

Answer 12

growth plate, between diaphysis and epiphysis

Question 13

primary ossificaion center

Answer 13

before birth, located in diaphysis

Question 14

secondary ossification center

Answer 14

after birth, located in epiphysis and large eminences

Question 15

epiphysial artieries

Answer 15

located in epihpysis

Question 16

metaphysial arteries

Answer 16

in diaphysis

Question 17

nutrient artery

Answer 17

penetrates toward middle of diaphysis

Question 18

nutrient foramen

Answer 18

where vessels can get into spongy bone and supply marrow

Question 19

yellow marrow

Answer 19

“inactive”
infiltrated with fat, in medullary cavity

Question 20

red marrow

Answer 20

in younger animals, or epiphysis in older animals
very active, produces white and red blood cells

Question 21

organic material of bone

Answer 21

33%
Shape of bone, get rid of by burning

Question 22

inorganic material of bone

Answer 22

67% of bone
Hard part of bone, get rid of with nitric acid

Question 23

axial skeleton

Answer 23

longest line of skeleton

Question 24

appendicular skeleton

Answer 24

attachments to skeleton body, thoracic and pelvic limbs

Question 25

heterotropic skeleton

Answer 25

mineralized structures found in organs
not attached to skeleton

Question 26

endosteum

Answer 26

inside covering medullary cavity and every space of spongy bone
membrane can eat and modify bone

Question 27

periosteum

Answer 27

membrane around bone
can eat and modify bone

Question 28

hyaline articular cartilage

Answer 28

only in articular surfaces of bone
Prevent friction and gives a smooth surface
becomes fibrous toward periosteum, blends with this and joint capsule