Basic Terminology Flashcards
m
muscle
mm
muscles
lg
ligament
lgg
ligaments
a
artery
aa
arteries
v
vein
vv
veins
n
nerve
nn
nerves
anatomical position
position of quadruped animal body with the four limbs extended, touching the ground and in a parallel position, the neck extended, and the head oriented forward
dorsal
refers to “top” of head, neck, trunk and tail. Describes “front” surface of limb from carpus or tarsus
ventral
the “underside” of the head, neck, trunk and tail
cranial
Toward the head
rostral
toward the nose, used only in head region
caudal
toward the tail. describes the back surface of limbs, proximal to carpus and tarsus
palmar
toward the posterior areas of the manus from carpal region toward digits
plantar
toward the posterior areas of pes from the tarsal region toward the digits
axial
areas of digits that point toward the long axis/ central line of the manus or pes. Axis passes between 3rd and 4th digit
abaxial
Areas of digits that point against the long axis/central line of manus or pes. Axis passes between 3rd and 4th digit
medial
toward the median plane
lateral
toward the outer side of trunk, head, or limbs
proximal
applied in limbs is the direction toward the body
disal
applied in limbs is the direction against the body
internal
within body cavity
external
outside a body cavity
deep
toward the center of an organ, body cavity, or structure. Deep to deep fascia
superficial
Away from center of organ or structure. superficial to deep fascia
median plane
divides head, neck, trunk and tail into equal right and left halves
sagittal plane
passes through head, neck, tail, trunk or limb parallel to median plane
transverse plane
transects the head, neck, body or limb perpendicular to its own long axis
dorsal
runs at right angles to the median and transverse planes, dividing the body or head into dorsal and ventral positions and the limbs into dorsal and plamar/plantar. parallel to the dorsal surfaces of head, neck, trunk, manus or pes
