Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Vertebral column

Answer 1

C7, T13, L7, S3, Cd 20-23
cervical 7, thoracic 13, lumbar 7, sacral 3, cadual 20-23

Question 2

interarcual space

Answer 2

between vertebral arches of neighboring vertebrae

Question 3

flavum ligament

Answer 3

space closed with a short and strong elastic ligament

Question 4

vertebral canal

Answer 4

wider in cervical and lumbar regions and narrows in thoracic and sacral segments
contains spinal cord, roots of spinal nerves etc

Question 5

C7

Answer 5

no transverse foramen
vertical pointing spinous process
costal fovea (articulates w rib 1)

Question 6

thoracic vertebrae

Answer 6

spinous process gives surfaces for epaxial muscles to attach
costal fovea in body
mamillary process

Question 7

ribs 1-9

Answer 7

true ribs
articulate directly with sternum

Question 8

ribs 10-13

Answer 8

false ribs
do not articulate with sternum

Question 9

ribs 13

Answer 9

floating ribs
ventral end do not join with bone or cartilage

Question 10

manubrium

Answer 10

most cranial portion of sternum, articulate with first costal cartilages

Question 11

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 11

short spinous process
have mobile synovial joint
transverse processes start to point angle more as go down

Question 12

atlantooccipital joint

Answer 12

condylar, “yes” joint
between atlas and occipital

Question 13

atlantoaxial joint

Answer 13

pivot, “no” joint
between atlas and axis

Question 15

supraspinous lig

Answer 15

joints most dorsal end of all spinous processes except cervical

Question 16

interspinous lig

Answer 16

membranous lig that joint caudal border of a spinous process with cranial border of spinous process of caudal vertebrae
except cervical region

Question 16

nuchal lig

Answer 16

elastic lig continuation of surpasinous lig in cervical region of dogs
prevent fatigue of epaxial mm

Question 17

dorsal longitudinal lig

Answer 17

band of CT that runs in cranio-caudal direction dorsal to vertebrae bodies

Question 18

ventral longitudinal lig

Answer 18

band of CT that runs cranio-caudal direction ventral to vertebrae bodies

Question 19

nucleus pulposus

Answer 19

resist the compression of vertebral bodies

Question 20

intervertebral discs

Answer 20

fibrocartiladge cushion that joins 2 vertebral bodies together
symphysis joint

Question 21

costotransverse joint

Answer 21

synovial joint
between costal tubercle of the rib and tranverse process of vertebrae
both bones have same number of

Question 22

costovertebral joint

Answer 22

synovial joint
amoung the head of the rib and costal fovea of the same number of vertebrae and costal fovea of cranial vertebrae

Question 23

last 3 thoracic vertebrae

Answer 23

only have cranial fovea, so heads of these articulate with corresponding vertebrae

Question 24

intercapital lig

Answer 24

lig that connects the heads of corresponding ribs from right and left sides