Bone tumours

Question 1

Types of bone tumours

Answer 1

Benign

• osteoid ostemoma - bone forming
• Endochrondroma - Cartilaginous
• Giant cell - Osteoclasts

Malignant

• Osteosarcoma - Bone forming
• Chondrosarcoma - Cartilaginous
• Ewings sarcoma - Osteoclasts

Question 2

Osteoid ostemoma

Answer 2

• Small
• <25
• osteoblastic proliferation
• Site - Long bones, vertebral collumn

Bone forming

Question 3

Osteosarcoma

Answer 3

Bone forming!!

• 2nd most common after multiple meyloma, young adults
• poor prognosis
• RFs
  
  • pagets, bone infarcts, radiation, males
• Site - Metaphysis of distal femur, 50% knee
• Tbx -8 weeks of chemo

Question 4

endochondroma

Answer 4

Cartilaginous

• Site - intra medullary- hands, feet, long bones
• Any age
• asymptomatic in long bones
• low cellularity

Question 5

Chondrosarcoma

Answer 5

• Age- 35-60
• de novo (primary) or from a pre-exsisitng endochondroma
• Common sites - Centrally within the medullary canal (pelvis, spine,scapula)
• Behaviour- slow elargement
• Treatment - 75% cure rate surgery

Question 6

Ewings sarcoma

Answer 6

• Age - children and teenagers
• Common sites - diaphysis + long flat bones
• Pathological – small blue round cell
• behaviour - widespread metastases
• Treatment - chemotherapy 10% cure rate