Bone Tumors

Question 1

What is an osteoma?

Answer 1

benign slow growing tumor

- painful lesion

Question 2

What makes up an osteoma?

Answer 2

osseous tissue and surrounded by a halo of reactive bone formation

Question 3

Where are osteomas most commonly seen?

Answer 3

skull, facial bones, and sinus cavities, impinging on the brain/eyes

Question 4

Osteoid osteoma is most commonly seen in what age group?

Answer 4

5-25 years

boys to girls, 3:1

Question 5

What is Osteoid osteoma composed of microscopically?

Answer 5

thin, irregular trabeculae of woven bone

- treated with surgery or radio ablation

Question 6

What is osteoblastoma?

Answer 6

uncommon and benign neoplasm

Question 7

Osteoblastoma is characterized by what?

Answer 7

woven bone trabeculae and osteoid, sined by osteoblasts, and inrabecular spaced are filled by loose CT

Question 8

Osteoblastoma mostly affects what groups?

Answer 8

20-30 yo, no sex preference

Question 9

Which bone disease affects people under 25, 75 % of the time?

Answer 9

• osteoid osteoma
• boys and long bones more often
• very painful

Question 10

What is the most common primary bone tumor? (after myeloma and lymphoma)

Answer 10

osteosarcoma

Question 11

What are the characteristics of osteosarcoma?

Answer 11

• primary in under 20 yo, secondary in elders
• men more often
• usually seen in metaphyseal region

Question 12

What gene mutations cause osteosarcoma?

Answer 12

• gene of retinoblastoma (RB)

- p53

Question 13

What conditions can lead to osteosarcoma?

Answer 13

• Pagets
• bone infarcts
• osteochondroma
• enchondroma
• fibrous dysplasia

Question 14

histo and micro for Osteosarcoma

Answer 14

• bulky/gritty tumors

- raised periosteum

Question 15

small cell osteosarcomas

Answer 15

• resembe cells of Ewings sarcoma

Question 16

Telangiectatic osteosarcomas

Answer 16

• tumors of long tubular bones

Question 17

intracortical osteosarcoma

Answer 17

• rare

- in cortex of an osteolytic lesion

Question 18

what can be elevated in osteosarcoma?

Answer 18

-serum alkaline phosphatase (1/2 of people)

Question 19

Codman triangle

Answer 19

• periosteal reaction
• aggressive processes
• advancing tumor destroys periosteum
• CAUSED by stress fracture, infection, or osteoma

Question 20

Osteochondroma

Answer 20

• benign cartiagenous growth attached to the bone with a body stalk ( exostosis)
• displacement of the cartilage
• ALSO called enchondromas

Question 21

Ollier’s disease

Answer 21

• multiple enchondromas throughout the skeleton