Bone Fractures

Question 1

Determinants of Bone Fractures (3)

Answer 1

• older females (>50)
• younger males (<50)
• general health

Question 2

Aetiology of Bone Fractures

Answer 2

• direct trauma
• indirect trauma (eg. falls on hand, fractures shoulder)
• pathological - weakened/diseased area of bone

Question 3

Pathophysiology of Bone Fractures (3)

Answer 3

Inflammatory Stage
-Hematoma, inflammation, cellular proliferation

Reparative Stage

• Union: partial tear, fibrocartilage callus (soft)
• Consolidation: full tear, bony callus formation

Remodelling Stage
-Bone strengthens and remodels

Question 4

Clinical Features of Bone Fractures (2)

Answer 4

soft tissue swelling - redness, pain, temp, swelling

obliteration of fascial planes (structures can’t slide over each other to produce movement)

Question 5

Progression of Bone Fractures (2)

Answer 5

• Osteomyelitis (bone infection)

- Avascular Necrosis (bone death due to lack of blood supply)