bone and soft tissue tumours

Question 1

sarcoma

Answer 1

malignant tumour arising from connective tissues

spreads along fascial planes

Question 2

where do sarcomas often spread to?

Answer 2

lungs

haemotgenous spread

Question 3

bone tumours main symptom is:

Answer 3

PAIN

often activity related, gets progressively worse at rest or at night

Question 4

7 common primary cancers that can metastasise to the bone:

Answer 4

lung

breast

prostate

kidney

thyroid

GI tract

melanoma

Question 5

Fracture risk assessment:

Answer 5

Mirel’s Scoring System

FRAX (fracture risk assessment tool - more used in osteoporosis)

Question 6

most common type of soft tissue tumour:

Answer 6

lipoma

Question 7

what is the commonest primary malignant bone tumour in a young patient?

Answer 7

osteosarcoma

Question 8

osteosarcoma symptoms

Answer 8

pain (cardinal feature)

increasing pain

deep, boring ache

limp

reduced joint movement

stiff back

swelling

warmth over swelling

Question 9

how do you investigate an osteosarcoma?

Answer 9

MRI

Question 10

benign bone tumour

Answer 10

osteoblastoma

Question 11

cartilage tumour

Answer 11

chondrosarcoma (malignant)

enchondroma (benign)

Question 12

adipose tumour

Answer 12

lipoma (benign)

liposarcoma (malignant)

Question 13

bone marrow tissue tumours

Answer 13

ewing’s sarcoma

lymphoma

myeloma

(all malignant)

Question 14

beware/ red flags if tumour is:

Answer 14

rapid growing

hard/ fixed

craggy surface

indistinct margins

(can be painless but normally bone tumours is PAIN)

Question 15

how do you investigate bone tumours

Answer 15

X-ray

CT

isotope bone scan

MRI

bone biopsy