Bone and bone marrow Flashcards
What are 5 functions of bones?
Support, Movement, protection, mineral and fat storage, red blood cell production
What 2 parts of bone is there?
Compact, and Spongy
What bone part is hard and on the outside keeping its shape?
Compact bone
What bone part contains the blood vessels and bone marrow?
Medullary cavity
What bone part maintains the rigidity of the bone and is lighter than compact bone?
Spongy (cancellous) bone
What are the 5 types of bones?
Long bone, short bone, irregular bone, flat bone, sesamoid bone
What are the 6 components to long bone structure?
Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Articular cartilage, Periosteum, Medullary cavity, Endosteum.
Which long bone component am I?
The main shaft of a hollow bone.
Hollow cylindrical shape and thick compact bone.
Provide strong support without cumbersome weight.
Diaphysis
Which long bone component am I?
Both ends of a long bone.
Made of spongy bone.
Bulbous shape.
Provide attachments to muscles and give stability to joints.
Epiphysis
Which long bone component am I?
A layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surface of epiphyses.
FUnction to cushion jolts and blows.
Articular cartilage
Which long bone component am I?
Dense white fibrous membrane that covers bone.
Contains cells that form and destroy bone.
Attaches tendons to bones and contains blood vessels important in growth and repair.
Periosteum
Which long bone component am I?
Thin, fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity
Endosteum.
Which long bone component am I?
Tube-like, hollow space in a diaphysis of a long bone.
In adults, filled with a connective tissue rich in fat (yellow marrow).
Contains blood vessels important in growth and repair.
Medullary cavity.
Regarding inorganic salts, what am I?
Crystals of calcium and phosphate that contribute to bone hardness?
Hydroxyapatite.
Regarding inorganic salts, what am I?
Hydroxyapatite crystals formation?
Calcification.
Regarding inorganic salts.
What else does bone contain?
Magnesium, sodium, sulfate, and fluoride.
What does the following description discuss which component of bone matrix?
Composite of collagen fibers and mixture of protein and polysaccharides.
Secreted by tissue cells.
Help cartilage maintain a smooth surface and springy consistency.
Organic matrix
WHat are the three types of bone cells?
Osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes.
What bone cell am I?
Bone forming cells.
Contain framework for deposition of calcium and phosphate.
Osteoblasts (Ob)
What bone cell am I?
Bone-eroding cells.
Contain mitochondria and lysosomes.
Osteoclasts (Oc)
What bone cell am I?
Mature non-deviding cells surrounded by matrix.
Osteocytes
What types of bone marrow are there?
Red marrow and yellow marrow
What does red marrow do?
Functions to produce red blood cells
What does yellow marrow do?
Replaces red marrow as person ages.
Storage of fat and functions as energy storage.
True or false.
Articular cartilage is superficial to compact bone.
True.
In adults, where is bone marrow located in the skeletal system?
Ribs.
Humerus.
Bodies of vertebrae.
Pelvis (sacrum and coccyx).
Femur.
When can yellow marrow change to red marrow?
During times of decreased blood supply including anaemia, exposure to radiation, and certain diseases.
