Axial and appendicular skeletal divisions Flashcards
Where is the axial skeletal division?
From our head medial to the trunk and finishing at the coccyx.
Where are the appendicular divisions?
Upper and lower limbs as well as connections to the hips and shoulders.
What cranial bones cover the front and side lobes of the brain?
Frontal bone.
Parietal bone.
Which cranial bone covers the ear region?
Temporal bone.
Which cranial bone is inferior to the Temporal bone and protects the brain lobe associated with vision and processing.
Occipital bone
What unique bone connected to the axial division does not articulate with other bones and is suspended from styloid processes of the temporal bone (where tongue muscles attach)?
Hyoid bone.
What am I?
Forms the flexible longitudinal axis of the skeleton (the lengthwise axis).
Vertebral column.
What are the characteristics of the vertebrae?
All but the sacrum and coccyx have a vertebral foramen (a hole) where the spinal cord exits and enters.
Second cervical vertebra has an upward projection the dens, allowing head movement.
Seventh cervical vertebra has a long, blunt spinous process.
From top to bottom, what are the names of the curvatures of the spine?
Cervical curvature.
Thoracic curvature.
Lumbar curvature.
Sacral curvature.
What is C1 and C2 vertebra called?
C1 Atlas
C2 Axis
What are the three structures that make up the sternum from top to bottom?
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
What is attached on both sides laterally to the sternum?
Thoracic cage.
What are the three different types of ribs?
True ribs.
False ribs.
Floating ribs.
How many ribs do we have in the body?
12
How many true ribs are there, and why are they named true ribs?
There are 7 (top 1-7) and they are named true ribs as they are attached to the sternum.
How many false ribs are there, and why are they named false ribs?
There are 4 (8-12) and these are not attached to the sternum allowing a range of motion and flexibility.
How many floating ribs are there, and why are they named floating ribs?
There are 2 (11-12) and these are attached by cartilage and not attached to the anterior surface allowing movement and rotation.
What is the shoulder girdle made up of?
The Scapula (shoulder) and clavicle (collar bone).
What is the humerus?
Long bone of the upper arm.
What two bones are in the forearm?
The ulna and the radius.
Which bone in the forearm is the most medial bone?
Ulna.
Which bone in the forearm is in line with the thumb?
Radius.
What are carpal bones?
Eight small bones that form the wrist.
They are bound closely and firmly by ligaments and form two rows of four carpals each.
Joints between radius and carpal bones allow wrist and hand movements.
What are metacarpal bones?
Thumb of metacarpal forms the most freely movable joint with the carpal bones.
Heads of metacarpal bones (knuckles) articulate with phalanges.
Where are phalanges?
In the fingers and toes.
WHat are the names of the phalanx from most distant to the body to closest?
Distal phalanx.
Middle phalanx.
Proximal phalanx.
What is the pelvic girdle?
Its the sacrum and the two coxal bones tied together by strong ligaments.
What is the function of the pelvic girdle?
It is a circular base that supports the trunk and has the lower limbs attached to it.
Each coxal bone is made up of what three bones that are fused together?
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
What are the weight-bearing bones of the pelvic girdle?
Coxal bones (hip bones attached to legs)
What bone am I?
Longest and heaviest bone in the body and its location?
Femur is connected to the hip and knee.
What bone am I?
Largest sesamoid bone in the body and its location.
Patella which is the knee.
What bone am I?
Larger, stronger and more medially superficially located of the two leg bones.
Tibia (other being the fibula)
What bone am I?
Articulates with the tibia.
Smaller and more laterally and deeply placed than the tibia.
FIbula.
What is similar to the hand with adaptations to support weight and its bones are held together to form spring arches?
The foot.
The terms carpal and tarsal refer to what?
Carpal (wrist) Tarsal (ankle)
What are the two arches in the foot?
Medial longitudinal arch
Lateral longitudinal arch
