Bone Flashcards
Compact bone:
a) forms dense bony tissue with lacunes and narrow canaliculi
b) contains osteocytes with processes
c) is lined by periosteum
d) consists of bony trabeculae – spicules
A,b,c
The cells found in bone are:
a) fibroblasts
b) reticular cells
c) osteoblasts
d) osteoclasts
C,d
Woven bone:
a) is described as compact bone
b) is an immature form of bone
c) is the first form of bone to be produced
d) the lamellae are concentrically arranged
B,c
Haversian systems are formed:
a) by 4–20 concentric lamellae
b) contain the osteocytes
c) contain the odontoblasts
d) in the centre of each system a Haversian canal contains blood vessels and nerves
A,b,d
What type of cells are involved in bone resorption:
a) osteocytes
b) osteoclasts
c) osteons
d) osteoblasts
B
What are the spicules on spongy bone called:
a) trabeculae
b) spicule of woven bone
c) Sharpey’s fibers
d) Tomes’ process
A,b
What are the mineral crystals in bone called:
a) glycosaminoglycan
b) osteoid collagen
c) calcium hydroxyapatite
d) alkaline phosphatase
C
What is the primary component of red bone marrow:
a) fat
b) hematopoietic tissue
c) reticular fibres
d) cartilage
B,c
What is in the bone matrix:
a) hydroxyapatite
b) reticular fibers
c) collagen fibers
d) dense irregular connective tissue
A,c
What is the covering of a bone:
a) periostem
b) perichondrium
c) perimysium
d) endosteum
A,d
Bone lamellae in compact bone are arranged in:
a) Haversian systems (osteons)
b) interstitial systems (lamellae)
c) circumferential lamellae
d) form isogenous groups
A,b,c
Spongy (cancellous) bone is composed of:
a) lamellae which are arranged into Haversian systems
b) small quantities of lamellae
c) osteocytes
d) bone marrow
B,c,d
The endosteum is a layer of:
a) osteoblasts that covers bony surfaces in side the bone
b) chondrocytes that contain a large nucleus
c) elastic fibers
d) endosteal osteoblasts that can secrete osteoid tissue
A,d
Intercellular substance of bone is:
a) hydroxyapatite crystals
b) glycosaminoglycans
c) fibronectin
d) organic matter contains collagen (type I.)
A,b,d
Growing bones contain kinds of cells:
a) histiocytes
b) osteoprogenitor cells
c) osteoblasts
d) osteocytes
B,c,d
Osteoprogenitor cells:
a) exist near all free surfaces of bone
b) are the lining of Haversian canals
c) synthesize collagen
d) are undifferentiated cells
A,b,d
Osteoblasts:
a) are derived from monocytes
b) secrete bone extracellular matrix
c) are syncytial cells
d) the cytoplasm of osteoblasts is basophilic
B,d
Osteocytes:
a) are near to bone periostem
b) are near to bone endosteum
c) occupy lacunae in the solid matrix
d) osteocyte processes are joined by gap junction
C,d
Osteoclasts:
a) are derived from monocytes
b) are syncytial cells
c) are multinucleated cells
d) result in a resorbed cavity which is called Howship’s lacune
A,b,c,d
Osteoblasts:
a) are found in Howship´s lacunae
b) line all trabeculae and spicules
c) are large multinuclear cells
d) are perichondral cells
B
Osteoclasts:
a) are found in Howship´s lacunae
b) are perichondral cells
c) are large multinuclear cells
d) are similar to fibroblasts
A,c
Bone development is controlled by:
a) thyroid hormone
b) aldosterone hormone
c) sex hormone
d) growth hormone
A,c,d
Intramembranous (desmogenous) ossification:
a) developed from epiphyseal plate
b) developed from the resting cartilage
c) developed from condensed primitive mesenchymal tissue
d) mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts
C,d
The epiphysial growth plate have stages:
a) zone of proliferation
b) zone of hypertrophy and calcificatin
c) zone of fasciculata
d) osteogenic zone
A,b,d
Changes during the endochondral ossification can be:
a) the lamellae are concentrically arranged
b) calcification of the cartilage matrix
c) development of the collar bone around diaphysis
d) formation of the primary ossification center
B,c,d
What are the collagen fibers that extend into bone:
a) Tomes’ process
b) canaliculi
c) Sharpey´s fibre
d) Volkmann canal
C
What forms the skeleton of the fetus:
a) elastic cartilage
b) hyaline cartilage
c) fibrocartilage
d) primary bone (woven, non-Haversian bone) only
B
Active bone marrow consists of:
a) hyalinne cartilage
b) hematopoietic tissue
c) a framework of reticulin
d) blood sinusoids
B,c,d
What is woven bone:
a) cancellous bone
b) immature bone
c) it is nonlamellar bone
d) spongy bone
B,c
Epiphysial growth plate:
a) shows changes between the epiphysial cartilage and the newly forming bone of
the diaphysis
b) shows desmogenous ossification
c) shows the cells responsible for dentine formation
d) develop from the resting cartilage in the epiphyseal plate
A,d
