Bone Flashcards
What are the functions of bone?
Weight bearing
Attachmentsformuscle
Protection
Hematopoiesis
Reservoir for minerals
What is an osteiod?
Organic component of bone
Type 1 collagen, proteoglycans, and non-collagenous proteins (osteopontin, osteoclacin)
Whatis the epiphysis?
Proximal and distal ends of the long bones adjacent to the physis or epiphyseal line
What is the metaphysis
Region adjacent to growth plate where bone deposition occurs (inner to the epiphysis)
What is the diaphysis?
Shaft
Medullary cavity with marrow
What is compact bone?
Dense bone on the outside of long bones
Arranged in lamellae (osteons)
Whatis Cancellous bone?
Less dens
Lines marrow cavities and at the ends of long bones
Arranged in traveculae (creates more surface area)
What is an osteon?
Composed of lamellae surrounding a haversian canal
Maintained by a single capillary
Mostly run lengthwise
What are Volkmann’s canal?
Canal that runs transversely across the long axis of the long bone
Carry capillaries that interconnect longitudinal haversian capillaries
What are osteoprogenitor cells?
Stem cells that give rise to osteoblasts
Found lining the bone in the periosteum and endosteum
What are osteoblasts?
Cuboidal epithelial like cells
Form new bone
Secrete osteoid and contribute to mineralization
What are osteocytes?
Osteoblasts that become trapped in osteoid
Reside in lacunae
Highly branched cells with proccesses connected to other osteocytes - connected by gap junctions
Contribute to Ca homeostasis
What are osteoclasts?
Derivedfrom monocyte lineage - multinucleated
Breakdown bone during remodeling - create acidic environement via proton pump
Respond to hormones to satisfy the body’s needs for Ca
What are the two types of bone formation?
Intramembranous - direct from mesenchyme
Endochondral - forms in a cartilage template
Describe intramembranous formation.
Process used to form skull, partos of mandible and clavicles (flat bones)
Early during fetal development
