Bonding, Structure and Shape of Molecules Flashcards
What is an ionic bond?
Where an element loses or gains electrons between a non metal and metal.
What is a covalent bond?
Where an element shares electrons between a non metal and non metal.
What is a metallic bond?
They are neutral as an element but they have some bonding.
What is another name for Van Der Waals forces and what are they?
London forces and they have weak inter-molecular forces.
What are polymers and name 2 examples?
Polymers are natural or synthetic substances composed of larger molecules.
2 examples: proteins and enzymes.
The diamond structure:
-The inter-molecular forces in covalent networks are covalent bonds.
-Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to 4 other atoms; therefore they create strong inter-molecular forces.
-They cannot conduct electricity.
The graphite structure:
-The inter-molecular forces are weak.
-They can conduct electricity.
The sand structure:
-Semi-conductivity of electricity.
What are inter-molecular forces?
They are forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles. They are therefore weak compared to intra-molecular forces.
What are dipole-dipole forces?
They occur between molecules with permanent dipoles.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules, not a covalent bond to a hydrogen atom.
