Bonding, structure and properties of matter

Question 1

What is ionic bonding

Answer 1

Ionic bonding is where one element loses electrons and the other gains, causing one to have more protons than neutrons (making them positive ) and one the other way round

Question 2

Giant ionic properties

Answer 2

High melting point
Soluble
Conductive as a solution
Not conductive as a solid

Question 3

Covalent structures

Answer 3

Covalent structures are where atoms share electrons so that they can both achieve a full outer shell

Question 4

Simple and giant covalent properties

Answer 4

Simple have low melting point.

Giant have very high melting point and never conduct

Question 5

Metal bonding

Answer 5

Metal bonding is where the outer electron of each atom is lost to the structure, becoming a delocalised electrons. These electrons are negative and they hold the entire structure together

Question 6

Simple covalent properties

Answer 6

Low melting point
Most of them are insoluble
Not conductive

Question 7

Ionic compound

Answer 7

High melting point
Most are soluble
Conductive as a solution
Not conductive as a solid

Question 8

Metallic bonding properties

Answer 8

High melting point
Insoluble
Conductive

Question 9

Giant covalent properties

Answer 9

Very high melting point
Insoluble
No (with 2 exceptions)

Question 10

Breaking

Answer 10

Energy is used to break bondages

Question 11

Ionic elements

Answer 11

Ionic bonds are between a non metal and a metal

Question 12

Covalent structures elements

Answer 12

Between two non metals

Question 13

Metallic bonds element

Answer 13

Metallic bonds are between two metals of the same type

Question 14

Covalent bonding

Answer 14

Between two non metals and they share electrons to allow them both to have a full outer shell.

Question 15

Polymers

Answer 15

Polymers are long chains of repeating to make a long molecule and these are linked by strong covalent bonds.

Question 16

Allotropes of carbon

Answer 16

: diamond, graphite and graphene
Diamond is very hard as each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds and therefore it has a very high melting point and does not conduct.
Graphite: made of sheets of hexagons which are held together very loosely making it a good lubricant
Graphene: a single sheet of carbon atoms that is an atom thin, making it two dimensional

Question 17

Fullerenes

Answer 17

A group of molecules of carbon shaped like a closed tube or a hollow ball. They can be used cage other molecules making it possible to use them to administer a drug to the body.

Question 18

Metallic bonding

Answer 18

The electrons in the outer shell of the metal become delocalised and are able to travel around the structure as delocalised electrons . The forces between the positive metal ions and the negative electrons hold the structure together very tightly. They also have high melting and boiling points. The delocalised electrons make them good heat and thermal conductors