Bonding Structure And Properties Of Matter

Question 1

What is an ion

Answer 1

A charged atom

Question 2

What is the charge on an ion formed from a group 2 element

Answer 2

+2

Question 3

What charge on an ion from a group 7 element

Answer 3

-1

Question 4

Does sodium chloride have a high or low boiling point

Answer 4

High

Question 5

Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved

Answer 5

The ions separate and are free to move which means charged particles are able to carry charge through the solution

Question 6

What is the formula of the compound containing Al and OH ions only

Answer 6

Al(OH)3

Question 7

What is a covalent bond

Answer 7

A chemical bond made by the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms

Question 8

How many covalent bonds does a molecule of nitrogen have

Answer 8

3

Question 9

What state are simple covalent structures at room temperature

Answer 9

Gas or liquid

Question 10

Which forces are stronger in a simple molecular substance

Covalent bonds or intermolecular forces

Answer 10

Covalent bond

Question 11

What forces need to be overcome to boil a simple molecular compound

Answer 11

Intermolecular

Question 12

How are the repeating units in a polymer bonded together

Answer 12

By covalent bonding

Question 13

At room temperature what state are polymers in

Answer 13

Solid

Question 14

Describe the differences in the hardness and electrical conductivity of diamond and graphite

Answer 14

Diamond is harder and graphite conducts electricity

Question 15

Which fullerene was the first to be discovered

Answer 15

Buckminster

Question 16

Explain why most metals are malleable

Answer 16

Atoms can slide over each other which means they can be bent or hammered

Question 17

What three factors are the strength of the forces between particles depend on

Answer 17

The material
Temperature
Pressure

Question 18

What state of matter has a fixed lattice arrangement

Answer 18

Solid

Question 19

What is the strength of attraction between the particles of a gas strong or weak

Answer 19

Weak

Question 20

Describe what happens when a gas condenses

Answer 20

The particles of gas become a liquid

Question 21

Describe how an ionic bond forms

Answer 21

A metal and a non metal transfer electrons to gain a full outer shell and become charged atoms/ions

Question 22

Describe the structure of a crystal of sodium chloride

Answer 22

It forms a giant ionic lattice which is a honey comb structure held together by electrostatic forces due to the opposite charges

Question 23

Explain why simple molecular compounds typically have low melting and boiling points

Answer 23

The forces of attraction are very weak

Question 24

Describe the structure of a polymer

Answer 24

Long chains of repeating units

Question 25

What type of bond occurs between carbon atoms in diamond

Answer 25

Covalent

Question 26

Describe the structure of graphene

Answer 26

It has one layer joined in hexagonal shapes

Question 27

Explain how fullerenes deliver drugs to the body

Answer 27

They ‘cage’ other molecules such as drugs which can be used to deliver to the body

Question 28

Why can metals conduct electricity

Answer 28

They have charged particles from the outer shell which are called delocalised electrons which are free to move and carry charge through the structure

Question 29

Why are metals solid at room temperature

Answer 29

They have strong electrostatic forces so a lot of energy is needed for bonds to be broken

Question 30

How does the strength of forces between particles influence the temperature at which a substance changes state

Answer 30

If the forces are stronger it would be a higher temperature for it to change state as lots of energy is needed
(Visa Versa for weak forces)