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Chemistry > Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table > Flashcards

Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the mass number tell you about an Atom

A

The total number of protons and neutrons

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2
Q

What is the definition of an element

A

A substance that consists of one atom

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3
Q

Describe what a compound is

A

A substance made of two or more elements which are chemically bonded

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4
Q

What does a compound formed from a metal and a non-metal consist of

A

Ions

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5
Q

What is a mixture

A

Two or more elements or compounds mixed together

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6
Q

I’m separation technique that can be used to separate soluble solid from solution

A

Evaporation or crystallisation

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7
Q

Which technique could you use to separate a mixture of liquids with a similar boiling points

A

Fractional distillation

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8
Q

Describe JJ Thompson’s model of the atom

A

Plum pudding model a ball of positive charge with electron stuck in it

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9
Q

A) how many electrons on the first shell

B) how many electrons on the second shell

A

A is two and B is 8

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10
Q

Discovery supported Mendeleev of decision not to post elements in order of relative atomic mass

A

The Discovery of isotopes

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11
Q

What kind of ions do metals form

A

Positive

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12
Q

Give three physical properties of metals

A

Strong malleable conduct electricity high melting and boiling point

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13
Q

Which products is formed when lithium reacts oxygen

A

Lithium oxide

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14
Q

Do halide ions have a positive or negative charge

A

Negative

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15
Q

In which group of the periodic table are the noble gasses

A

Group 0

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16
Q

What is found in atoms

A 
Nucleus
Protons
Neutrons 
Electrons
Empty space
Energy shells
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17
Q

What is the relative atomic mass of a neutron

A

1

18
Q

True or false elements only contain atoms with the same number of protons

A

True

19
Q

Define relative atomic mass

A

The amount of protons an atom has

20
Q

Give the formula for

1) carbon dioxide
2) sodium carbonate
3) hydrochloric acid

A

1) CO2
2) NaCO3
3) HCl

21
Q

What’s the difference between a compound and a mixture

A

Compounds are chemically bonded and mixtures are not

22
Q

What is the name of the patterns of spots generated by paper chromatography

A

Chromatogram

23
Q

Give the name of a method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

A

Filtration

24
Q

Describe how different substances are separated by fractional distillation

A

The substances have different boiling points and evaporate and condense at different times

25
Q

Who demonstrated that the plum pudding model was wrong

A

Rutherford as he discovered positively charges particles in the nucleus

26
Q

What did Bohr’s nuclear model of the atom suggest

A

Electrons orbit around the nucleus in fixed shells

27
Q

Give the electronic structure of
A) helium
B) carbon
C) sodium

A

A) 2
B) 2,4
C) 2,8,1

28
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in the periodic table

A

Gaps were left in the table to make sure that elements with similar properties stayed in the same groups and some elements were not discovered

29
Q

What is the name given to verifiable columns in the periodic table

A

Groups

30
Q

How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related

A

The group number is how many electrons it needs to gain or lose for a full outer shell

31
Q

Where are non metals in the periodic table

A

On the right side

32
Q

State three trend in group 1 as you go down the group

A

Increasing in reactivity
Low melting point
High relative atomic mass

33
Q

State the products of the reaction of sodium and water

A

Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen

34
Q

State three trends as you go down group 7

A

Less reactive
High melting point
High relative atomic masses

35
Q

What colour gas does fluorine produce

A

Yellow

36
Q

What colour has does chlorine produce

A

Dense green

37
Q

What colour gas does bromine produce

A

Red/brown volatile liquid

38
Q

What coloured gas does iodine produce

A

Purple vapour or it can produce crystals

39
Q

What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals

A

1-

40
Q

What are the 3 trends as you go down for noble gasses

A

Boiling points increase
Increase in the number of electrons
Greater intermolecular forces

Chemistry (3 decks)

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