Bonding, paper 1&2 Flashcards
1
Q
An ion
A
An atom which has lost or gained an electron therefore has a charge.
2
Q
Ionic bonding
A
Where a metal and non-metal join together they pass over electrons to others atoms outer shells until they have a full outer shell.
3
Q
Ionic bonds
A
- strong due to charges. + and - attract.
4
Q
Covalent bonding
A
Between two non-metals
Where outer shells overlap they share electrons so all atoms have full outer shells.
5
Q
Properties of ionic substances
A
- dissolve in water
- metal in them
- high melting point
- will conduct in liquid form.
6
Q
Properties of covalent substances
A
- low melting point
- don’t dissolve
- don’t conduct
7
Q
Graphite
A
- can conduct - delocalised electron
- made fully of carbon
- giant covalent - hexagonal structure.
- weak forces between layers - good for pencils
- high melting/boiling
- insolvable
- one carbon bonds to 3 others.
8
Q
Diamond
A
- high melting/boiling
- very stable
- one carbon is joined to 4 others
- doesn’t conduct
- giant covalent structure
9
Q
Properties of ALL metals:
A
- hard
- conduct
- don’t dissolve
- malleable
- high melting or boiling bar mercury
- sonorous
10
Q
Metallic bonding
A
Between two metals
Weak forces between layers
Works by delocalised electrons
11
Q
How metallic bonding works:
A
The electrons in metal all delocalise and form a ‘sea’ this acts as a ‘glue’ as the charges the - of the electrons and + of the atoms.
