Bonding

Question 1

Define ionic bonding

Answer 1

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Question 2

How are ions held in ionic bonding?

Answer 2

By electrostatic forces of attraction held in fixed positions

Question 3

What is broken when the ionic compound melts?

Answer 3

Electrostatic forces of attraction

Question 4

Do ionic compounds have a high or low boiling/melting point and why?

Answer 4

High because low of energy needed to OVERCOME strong EFoA

Question 5

Do ionic compounds conduct as a solid or liquid?

Answer 5

Not as a solid.
Yes as a liquid because ions (charged particles) can flow
(Electricity being the flow of charged particles)

Question 6

Define metallic bonding

Answer 6

The electrostatic attraction between the delocalised e- and positive metal ions

Question 7

How are the ions held in place in a metallic compounds

Answer 7

By EFoA

Question 8

Describe the structure of metallic compound

Answer 8

Giant lattice of positive metal ions in a “sea” of delocalised e-

Question 9

What is broken when metallic compounds melt?

Answer 9

EFoA

Question 10

Metallic compounds:
High or low melting point?
Why?

Answer 10

High melting point because lots of energy needed to OVERCOME strong EFoA

Question 11

Does a metallic compound conduct as a solid or liquid?

Answer 11

Yes as both because delocalised e- can flow

Question 12

Are there any other special qualities about metallic compounds?
Hint: yes, yes there are

Answer 12

Malleable and ductile as layers of ions can slide over each other

Question 13

For ionic and metallic:

When the charge of the ions becomes higher (e.g Na+ vs Al3+) they become…. and the melting points become ….

Answer 13

Stronger

Higher

Question 14

What is a simple molecular bond?

Answer 14

Negatively charged pair of e- attracted to positively charged nuclei of the atoms involved

Question 15

How are simple molecular molecules held together?

Answer 15

Small molecules attracted together by weak intermolecular forces

Question 16

What is broken when a simple molecular melts?

Answer 16

WImF broken when melted

Question 17

Do simple molecular have a low or high melting point and why?

Answer 17

Low

Only WImF need to be overcome not breaking the strong covalent bonds

Question 18

Does a simple molecular conduct as a solid or liquid?

Answer 18

No as there are no charges particles

They can flow but not charged

Question 19

As the simple molecular chain gets longer the melting and boiling points get ……. because there are …. ImF so ………. energy is needed to ………. them

Answer 19

Higher
More
More
Overcome

Question 20

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 20

The electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of e- and the nuclei of 2 atoms

Question 21

How do giant covalent bonds work?

Answer 21

Negatively charged pair of e- attracted to positively charged nuclei of atoms involved

Question 22

Describe the structure of diamond

Answer 22

Each C atom bonded to 4 others STRONGLY in a repeating tetrahedral shape

Question 23

Do diamonds have high melting points and why?

Answer 23

V. High melting points because v. strong covalent bonds are broken taking a lot of energy’s

Question 24

Does diamond conduct?

Answer 24

No—no charged particles

Question 25

Describe the structure of graphite

Answer 25

Each C atom bonded to 3 others with one e- left delocalised. They’re in massive sheets attracted to each other by WImF

Question 26

High melting point for graphite?

Why?

Answer 26

V. High because so many WImF to break that it takes so much energy that the covalent bonds r broken

Question 27

Does graphite conduct?

Answer 27

Yes—delocalised e- can flow

Question 28

Which compounds r water soluble?

Why?

Answer 28

Ionic and a few simple molecular ONLY.

Water is a polar solvent so is attracted to ions and “pulls“ them apart so the ionic compound dissolves