Bonding

Question 1

Metallic radius

Answer 1

Half the distance between the centres of two adjacent metal ions in the metallic lattice. Slightly greater than the ionic radius found in ionic compounds

Question 2

Dative covalent bond

Answer 2

A covalent bond in which both electrons in the shared pair are provided by one atom

Question 3

Sigma bonds

Answer 3

Two s-orbitals overlap in a straight line

Question 4

Ionic bonding

Answer 4

Oppositely charged particles held together in a crystal lattice by electrostatic attraction

Question 5

Permanent dipole-dipole attraction

Answer 5

Delta positive and delta negative charges on molecules lined up (opposites attract)

Question 6

Dipole

Answer 6

An uneven distribution of charge within a molecule

Question 7

Van der Waals forces

Answer 7

Weakest force - Electrons move in charge clouds allowing the electrons to move around, an uneven distribution causes a temporary dipole which induced a dipole on another nearby particle

Question 8

Polar bond

Answer 8

A bond between two atoms of different elements and therefore different electronegativities

Question 9

Pi bonds

Answer 9

Two electrons in p-orbitals overlap (below and above the molecular axis)

Question 10

Covalent bonding

Answer 10

Shared pair of electrons - One electron supplied from each atom either side of the bond

Question 11

Delocalised electrons

Answer 11

Electrons not directly associated with a particular atom or ion

Question 12

Metallic bonding

Answer 12

A close-packed array of metal cations surrounded by a sea of delocalised valence electrons