Bonding Flashcards
what holds atoms together?
atoms can be held together by chemical bonds
what happens once atoms form a bond
when atoms form bonds, they can achieve a stable electron arrangement. to achieve a stable arrangeme nt atom can lose, gain or share electrons
Covalent bonding
A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons between atoms of two non-metal elements
SQA standard definiation of covalnet bonding
a covalent bond happens when the positive nuclei form two different atoms that are held together by their common attraction for the shared pair of electrons held between them.
Diatomic elements
Iodine
Bromine
Chlorine
Fluorine
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Ionic Bonding
- The metal atoms give electrons away to non-metal atoms
- ionic compounds form lattice structures of oppositively charged Ions:
- lattice is a regular arrangement of ions
Ionic bond structure
- every positive ion is surrounded by a negetative ions
- every negetive ion is surrounded by positive ions
Ionic mp/bp
High
covalent network examples
a few covalent substances can form covalent networks: Boron, Carbon, Silicon, Silicon carbide and Silicon dioxide.
network mp/bp
very high
network electricty
can not conduct electricty expect in the form of graphite
Ionic electricty
ionic substancees does not conduct electricty when solid and does conduct when molten or in solution
metallic bonding
the strength of the bonding in metals is due to the electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and the sea of delocalised electrons.
metallic mp/bp
high
Summary of bonding
Ionic lattice: high bp/mp, solid at room temp, only when molten or soultoin it conducts
Covalent network: Very high mp/bp, solid at room temp, never expect in the form of graphite conduct.
Disctrete covalent molecules: Low mp/bp, liquid or gas at room temp, never conducts
