Bond Polarity and Electronegativity

Question 1

what is electrongativity and its periodic trends

Answer 1

the tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards them
increase across period
decrease down group

Question 2

what causes bond polarity

Answer 2

due to a difference in electronegativity of the two atoms in bond

Question 3

what is a non polar covalent bond (example)

Answer 3

electrons are shared equally and the electronegativity is identical between two atoms - Cl2, F2

Question 4

what is a polar covalent bond (example)

Answer 4

electrons are shared unequally due to a difference in EN (H2SO4)

Question 5

what is the trend of polarity

Answer 5

most polar - further part on tabl

Question 6

how can sometimes a molecule have polar bonds but not be a polar molecule (example)

Answer 6

if polar bond dipoles are equal/symmetrical they cancel out and dont create a molecular dipole
H and F2

Question 7

how can sometimes a molecule have polar bonds and be a polar molecule (example)

Answer 7

one side of the molecule is more electronegative than the other and the dipoles dont cancel out

Question 8

what is a dipole

Answer 8

a vector which points from pos to neg charge