Bolsheviks and Lenin (booklet two)

Question 1

Kerensky’s Offensive

Answer 1

Failed military attack to rally support for government.

Question 2

Brusilov Offensive

Answer 2

Initial Russian success against Austro-German forces.

Question 3

Kronstadt Mutiny

Answer 3

Sailors revolted expecting Bolshevik support.

Question 4

Kornilov Coup

Answer 4

Failed military coup led by General Kornilov.

Question 5

Provisional Government

Answer 5

Temporary government formed after Tsar’s abdication.

Question 6

Petrograd Soviet

Answer 6

Workers’ council controlling key resources in Petrograd.

Question 7

Menshevik Union

Answer 7

Workers elected leaders for representation in Soviets.

Question 8

Soviet Order No. 1

Answer 8

Soldiers to obey Soviet orders over Provisional Government.

Question 9

February Revolution

Answer 9

Mass protests leading to Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication.

Question 10

Lenin’s Ideology

Answer 10

Advocated immediate revolution, including peasants.

Question 11

Vanguard Party

Answer 11

Bolshevik Party as leaders of the revolution.

Question 12

Dictatorship of the Proletariat

Answer 12

Bolsheviks to seize power for workers’ interests.

Question 13

Bolshevik Slogans

Answer 13

Catchphrases to rally support: ‘Peace, Land, Bread’.

Question 14

Economic Conditions

Answer 14

Severe shortages and inflation led to unrest.

Question 15

April Theses

Answer 15

Lenin’s directives for immediate revolutionary actions.

Question 16

July Days

Answer 16

Failed uprising by Kronstadt sailors and workers.

Question 17

Bolshevik Membership Growth

Answer 17

Increased from 23,000 in February to 200,000 by October.

Question 18

Trotsky’s Role

Answer 18

Elected Chairman of Petrograd Soviet in October 1917.

Question 19

Grain Price Doubling

Answer 19

Prices rose significantly, affecting food supply.

Question 20

Living Standards Decline

Answer 20

Bread rations reduced from 675 to 110 by October.

Question 21

Desertion of Armed Forces

Answer 21

Soldiers began abandoning military due to discontent.

Question 22

Lenin’s Return

Answer 22

Returned to Russia in April 1917 after abdication.

Question 23

Bolshevik Propaganda

Answer 23

Targeted poor peasants to gain support.

Question 24

Marxist Relevance

Answer 24

Marxism adapted to fit Russian socio-economic conditions.

Question 25

Industrialization Initiatives

Answer 25

Government-led efforts to develop Russian industry.

Question 26

Proletariat Definition

Answer 26

Working class expected to lead revolution.

Question 27

Peasant Conditions

Answer 27

Harsh living conditions led to revolutionary sentiments.

Question 28

Bolshevik Strategy

Answer 28

Used violence to expedite revolutionary process.

Question 29

Duma's Role

Answer 29

Attempted to restore order during February Revolution.

Question 30

Bolshevik Membership

Answer 30

Increased from 23,000 to 200,000 by October 1917.

Question 31

Red Guards

Answer 31

10,000 armed workers in Petrograd factories.

Question 32

Military Revolutionary Committee (MRC)

Answer 32

Formed on 9th October to organize military efforts.

Question 33

Central Committee Meeting

Answer 33

Lenin convinced 12 members for revolution on 10th October.

Question 34

Kerensky's Actions

Answer 34

Moved army units to counter Bolshevik power.

Question 35

Storming of the Winter Palace

Answer 35

Bolsheviks seized power on 26 October 1917.

Question 36

All-Russian Congress of Soviets

Answer 36

First session held after Bolshevik power seizure.

Question 37

Sovnarkom

Answer 37

New cabinet with legislative power formed by Bolsheviks.

Question 38

Decree on Peace

Answer 38

Called for immediate truce, no annexations.

Question 39

Decree on Land

Answer 39

Peasants could take land without compensation.

Question 40

Decree on Workers' Control

Answer 40

Factory committees controlled production and finance.

Question 41

Decree of the Rights of the People of Russia

Answer 41

Granted self-determination rights to national minorities.

Question 42

Bolshevik Weaknesses

Answer 42

Lacked finance and civil service support.

Question 43

Cheka

Answer 43

Secret police established in December 1917.

Question 44

Vesenkha

Answer 44

Supreme Council for nationalizing banks and industries.

Question 45

Constituent Assembly

Answer 45

Elections held in November 1917 for future government.

Question 46

Bukharin

Answer 46

Economist and Bolshevik leader, worked on Pravda.

Question 47

Dzerzhinsky

Answer 47

Architect of 'Red Terror' and concentration camps.

Question 48

Trotsky

Answer 48

Key planner of the October revolution and Red Army.

Question 49

Stalin

Answer 49

Became General Secretary in 1922, trusted by Lenin.

Question 50

Zinoviev

Answer 50

Lenin's collaborator, opposed revolution timing in 1917.

Question 51

Kamenev

Answer 51

Opposed Lenin's revolution timing; editor of Pravda.

Question 52

Civil Service Purge

Answer 52

Promoted loyal Bolshevik officials in December 1917.

Question 53

Opposition to Bolsheviks

Answer 53

Weak and uncoordinated strikes against one-party rule.

Question 54

Trotsky's Leadership

Answer 54

Organized Red Army, crucial in civil war victory.

Question 55

Kerensky's Escape

Answer 55

Disguised as a nurse to flee Petrograd.

Question 56

Socialist Realism

Answer 56

Art style promoting socialist ideals, exemplified by Serov.