Bolshevik Revolution

Question 1

Russian Rev/ causes

Answer 1

Revolution from above; exercised by small group of people called the “vangard”
Primary causes of the Russian Revolution included widespread corruption and inefficiency within the czarist imperial government, growing dissatisfaction among peasants, workers, and soldiers, the monarchy’s level of control over the Russian Orthodox Church, and the disintegration of the Imperial Russian Army

Question 2

Tsar Nicholos I Official Nationalities Doctrine

Answer 2

orthodoxy, autocracy, maintaining “Russian-ness” (not accepted well, people want a western-style constitution)

Question 3

Great Reforms of Alexander II

Answer 3

Modernizing Russia while preserving its status
Abolition of serfdom: in theory this creates a mobile labor force
Universities become self-governing; became a hotspot for political debate

Question 4

Father Georgi Gapon, Bloody Sunday Massacre/ The Failed Revolution

Answer 4

Led protestors in a march to the tsar’s Winter Palace in St Petersburg to present the tsar with a petition signed by 150,000 workers demanding political and economic reforms, including freedom of the press, a progressive income tax, equality before the law, and land reform, and universal suffrage
Russian soldiers appear and open fire on the crowd
Wave of political violence follows
Leads to more strikes and terrorist attacks in other cities

Question 5

October Manifesto

Answer 5

Nicholas signs the October Manifesto after the advice of Sergei Witte: grants a series of reforms, included an elected national Duma, but Nicholas II doesn’t believe in the changes and rescinds the duma a few months later

Question 6

The Failed Revolution:

Answer 6

no new ruler, no power transfers between classes, no changes of socioeconomic conditions, October Manifesto repealed; Duma had extremely little power and tsarist regime survives

Question 7

Botched murder of Rasputin

Answer 7

Botched murder of Rasputin by members of the Romanov dynasty seems to indicate they can’t even get murder right

Question 8

Dual Government, Provisional

Answer 8

Leaders of Duma form provisional government (liberal in nature, looking to transform autocratic state into constitutional democracy)
Elite of Russian society, have legal authority
Have multiple opponents including officer corps of the army

Question 9

Dual Government, Petrograd Soviet

Answer 9

Diffuse leadership but large numbers
In power with the provisional government to create a dual government
Mass movement that controls all workers giving it actual authority

Question 10

April Theses

Answer 10

outlines the basic Bolshevik platform through Lenin’s first speech
“Land, Bread Peace”, “All Power to the Soviets: and “Workers Control the Means of Production”

Question 11

Kornilov Affair:

Answer 11

The Kornilov affair, or the Kornilov putsch, was an attempted military coup d’état by the commander-in-chief of the Russian Army, General Lavr Kornilov, attempted military coup; critical to Bolshevik plans; Kornilov attempted to gain control of the Russian Provisional Government, which was headed by Alexander Kerensky. The coup began in late August when Vladimir Lvov told Kornilov about Kerensky’s proposed strategies to fortify the government.

Question 12

Red vs. White army in Russian civil war?

Answer 12

Civil War broke out in Russia in late 1917 after the Bolshevik Revolution. The warring factions included the Red and White Armies.
The Red Army fought for the Lenin’s Bolshevik government. The White Army represented a large group of loosely allied forces, including monarchists, capitalists and supporters of democratic socialism.
On July 16, 1918, the Romanovs were executed by the Bolsheviks. The Russian Civil War ended in 1923 with Lenin’s Red Army claiming victory and establishing the Soviet Union.

Question 13

Bolshevik/October Revolution

Answer 13

AFTER CIVIL WAR leftist revolutionaries led by Bolshevik Party leader Vladimir Lenin launched a nearly bloodless coup d’état against the Duma’s provisional government.
The provisional government had been assembled by a group of leaders from Russia’s bourgeois capitalist class. Lenin instead called for a Soviet government that would be ruled directly by councils of soldiers, peasants and workers.
The Bolsheviks and their allies occupied government buildings and other strategic locations in Petrograd, and soon formed a new government with Lenin as its head. Lenin became the dictator of the world’s first communist state.

Question 14

https://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=why+was+the+russian+provisional+governent+created&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8