Bohr and Schrodinger Flashcards
What is half-life?
Time it takes for half the existing sample to decay is the half-life
What are some applications for radioisotopes?
- medical tracers
- cancer treatment
- sterilising equipment
- some foods are irradiated to kill bacteria and increase shelf-life
What is at the shortest wavelength, thus has the highest energy of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Gamma rays
What is at the longest wavelength, thus has the lowest energy of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Radiowaves
If enough ____ is applied to a gas, it ____ a certain _____
energy, glows, colour
Each element has a ____ ___ ____
characteristic emission spectrum
What did Niels Bohr propose regarding electron configuration?
- electrons orbit the nucleus at discrete energy levels
____ is involved when ___ move between shells
energy, electrons
energy of the discrete energy levels increase with:
increasing distance from nucleus
atoms with electrons in higher energy levels than ____ are ___
ground state, excited
excited atoms are ____ and electrons fall back down to ___ energy levels, and emit energy as _ __ _
unstable, lower, photons of light
Was Bohrs model successful, why?
No, it only worked for hydrogen atoms and could not predict the spectra of an atom with more than one electron
in an emission spectra, electrons move from ____ to ___ energy levels
higher to lower
in an absorption spectra, electrons move from ____ to ___ energy levels
lower to higher
What was Schrodinder’s orbital theory?
proposes that electrons have wave like properties and are not restricted to a circular orbit
What was Schrodingers orbital
an orbital is a region that describes the probability of finding the electron in that particular region
orbitals that have the same energy level form a ____
subshell
How many electrons can each subshell hold
2 maximum
what is the ‘s’ subshell?
lowest energy subshell within any shell
- one orbital and 2 electrons
- spherical shape
what is the ‘p’ subshell?
3 orbitals so maximum of 6 electrons (2 per orbital)
- dumbell shaped orbital
what is the ‘d’ subshell?
5 orbitals and 10 electrons
- complex shape
What is the highest energy subshell?
‘f’ subshell with 7 orbitals and 14 electrons
- complex shape
orbitals in subsequent shells become larger or smaller
larger in size
after subshell 3p, there is an ____ in energy levels between shells
overlap
what is Aufbau’s princple?
electrons fill orbitals in increasing energy levels
the 4s subshell fills ____ the 3d subshell
spdf notation
start with the ___ energy subshell and use ___ to indicate the number of ___ in that shell
lowest, subscripts, electrons
