Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science '24 > Body Systems > Flashcards

Body Systems Flashcards

1
Q

(3.1) Where does digestion take place?

A

The digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

(3.1) What does the digestive system consist of?

A

The digestive tract (the pathway the food takes takes via a series of organs) and organs that help with digestion but are not part of the digestive tract, producing chemicals for digestion (e.g. pancreas and gall bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

(3.1) What is the name for food rolled into balls and what is this system called?

A

The balls are known as bolus and the process is known as peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

(3.1) What is chemical digestion?

A

When enzymes break down food (e.g. amylases break starch down into glucose)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(3.1) What is mechanical digestion?

A

Mechanical digestion is digestion by mechanical means (e.g. the crushing of food in the mouth into smaller pieces and the mixing of food in the stomach)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(3.1) What parts of the digestive system do what?

A

Digestion: Stomach
Absorption: Small intestine, villi
Waste: Large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(3.1) How do molecules absorb in absorption?

A

Large molecule to small molecules

Carbs to glucose
Fats to fatty acids
Proteins to amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(3.2) What is respiration?

A

Respiration is a series of chemical reactions to release energy from glucose in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(3.2) What is the waste of burning glucose?

A

Carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(3.2) What is breathing?

A

Breathing is the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide inside and outside the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(3.2) What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

A

Respiration is the exchange of gases at a cellular level whilst breathing is throughout the body, inside and out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(3.2) What is the path of the respiratory system?

A

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(3.3) What is the circulatory system?

A

The circulatory system is a transport system that transports nutrients (fats, carbs and proteins) and oxygen to cells and transports wastes (carbon dioxide) away from cells. It also transports heat throughout the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(3.3) What are the parts of the circulatory system?

A

The heart, the blood and blood vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(3.3) What are the three types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, capillaries and veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(3.3) What do arteries do?

A

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. They are elastic and muscular to carry blood at a high pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(3.3) What are pulmonary arteries?

A

Pulmonary arteries carry blood to the heart, instead of away from it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(3.3) What are capillaries?

A

Capillaries are a fine network of one-cell blood vessels which carry blood to and from cells. The exchange of nutrients and gases occurs inside capillaries.

19
Q

(3.3) What are veins?

A

Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. They have valves to stop the blood from flowing backwards.

20
Q

(3.3) What do red blood cells do?

A

Red blood cells (red from the bonding of oxygen and haemoglobin) carry oxygen and carbon dioxide.

21
Q

(3.3) What do white blood cells do?

A

White blood cells are part of the immune system. They fight infections.

22
Q

(3.3) What do platelets do?

A

Help clot blood. Clots stop us bleeding out.

23
Q

(3.3) What is plasma?

A

Plasma, a yellowish liquid containing water, nutrients and wastes, constitutes the vast majority of the blood.

24
Q

(3.4) What is defecation?

A

Defecation is the process of concentrating wastes into solids by removing water.

25
Q

(3.4) What is urea?

A

Urea is the product (waste) of the digestion of Amino acids.

26
Q

(3.4) What do the kidneys do?

A

The kidneys filter toxins from the blood to make urine.

27
Q

(3.4) What are the parts of a kidney to produce urine?

A

Kidney artery (brings oxygenated blood to the kidney), kidney vein (takes deoxygenated blood from the kidney), glomerulus (filters the wastes/toxins from the blood), ureter (removes urine to the bladder), bladder (holds the urine) and urethra (drains urine out of the body).

28
Q

(3.4) What does high blood pressure do to the kidney?

A

Damages the kidney artery so filtration does not occur

29
Q

(3.4) What are kidney stones?

A

Hard crystals which accumulate in the kidney

30
Q

(3.4) What do infections do the kidney?

A

Bacteria infects the tubes of the bladder and ureter.

31
Q

(3.5) What is the axial skeleton?

A

The axial skeleton is the bones in the centre of the body, the skull, the vertebrae and the ribs.

32
Q

(3.5) What is the appendicular skeleton?

A

The appendicular skeleton includes the arms, the pelvis, the shoulders, the legs and the feet.

33
Q

(3.5) What are the types of connective tissue?

A

Ligaments (prevent the bone joints from moving too far), tendons (connects muscles to bone) and cartilage (a smooth and slippery material that acts as a shock absorber to protect joints and bones)

34
Q

(3.5) What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A

The skeletal system supports all soft tissues (e.g. skin) and protects organs (e.g. ribs protect heart and lungs).

35
Q

(3.5) What are bones made of and what do they do?

A

Bones are composed of calcium minerals and slightly elastic, with the purpose of protecting the body.

36
Q

(3.5) What are the two types of bones?

A

Compact (strong, dense and heavy) and spongey (light and jelly-like, where bone marrow is situated).

37
Q

(3.5) What is bone marrow?

A

Bone marrow is a spongey substance found in the centre of bones.

38
Q

(3.5) What are muscles and what do they do?

A

Muscles are tissues that are able to contract and stretch. They move bones and work in antagonistic pairs.

39
Q

(3.5) What is a joint and what does it do?

A

A joint is where two or more bones comes together. They protect your bones from wear.

40
Q

(3.5) What are the types of joints?

A

The types of joints are ball and socket (shoulder), pivot (skull), hinge (elbow) and ellipsoidal (wrist bones).

41
Q

(3.5) What do joints have to protect the bones from wear?

A

Cartilage (a smooth and slippery material that acts as a shock absorber to protect joints and bones) and synovial fluid (fluid which lubricates the joints).

42
Q

(7.3/3.2) What is the word equation for respiration?

A

Glucose + oxygen (produces energy/ATP) = carbon dioxide + water vapour

43
Q

How many bones in the adult human body?

A

206

44
Q

How many muscles in the human body?

A

About 600

Science '24 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions