body systems Flashcards
the process of removing wastes is called?
excretion
a tiny structure that filters blood
nephron
when your body digests protein it breaks it into
amino acids
amino acids when they can’t be used get turned into
ammonia
ammonia gets turned into
urea
bile is used to
digest fat and neutralise stomach acids
what does the liver do
make bile and filter blood
what does the oesophagus do
forces food to your stomach
what does the oesophagus do
forces food to your stomach
what does the mouth do
breaks down food and starts chemical digestion through saliva
what does the stomach do
churns the food and mixes it with gastric juice to assist digestion (food is called chyme now)
what does the pancreas do
creates pancreatic juices that digest food and neutralise gastric juices
small intestine size
5 meters and narrow
what does the small intestine do
it absorbs nutrients
where are villi
they line the small intestine
what does the villi do
increases surface area and consequently absorption and diffusion of nutrients into blood cappilaries
what does the large intestine do
absorbs water and vitamins
what does the rectum do
stores and releases waste
which organs of the digestive system don’t have food pass through
liver, pancreas, gallbladder
what do red blood cells do
carry oxygen on hemoglobin
what do white blood cells do
they fight disease
what does plasma do
carries nutrients
what do platelets do
cell fragments to heal wounds
what are the hearts 4 chambers called
two atriums and 2 ventricles
