Body Systems

Question 1

Define a tissue

Answer 1

A tissue is a group of similar cells carrying out the same function e.g. muscle cells make up muscle tissue

Question 2

What is an organ?

Answer 2

An organ is made up of different tissues working together to perform a function e.g. the heart is an organ made up of different tissues.

Question 3

What is the hierarchy of living things?

Answer 3

Cells –> tissue –> organ –> organ system –> organism

Question 4

Give an example of an organ system.

Answer 4

• Digestive system
• Breathing system
• Circulatory system
• Reproductive system

Question 5

Breathing in is also called ___________.

Answer 5

Inhalation

Question 6

Breathing out is also called ____________.

Answer 6

Exhalation.

Question 7

The % of oxygen is ___________ in inhaled air than in exhaled air.

Answer 7

Greater - this means there is more oxygen in inhaled air.

Question 8

What is the scientific name for the ‘wind pipe’.

Answer 8

Trachea

Question 9

When gases enter or leave the alveoli this is called ______ ____________.

Answer 9

Gas exchange

Question 10

Describe the pathway of air from the nose.

Answer 10

Nose –> trachea –> bronchus –> bronchiole –> alveoli

Question 11

Which gas needs to diffuse into the blood.

Answer 11

Oxygen

Question 12

Which gas diffuses from the blood into the alveoli?

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide

Question 13

Which gas makes up 78% of inhaled and exhaled air

Answer 13

Nitrogen

Question 14

Describe the changes that happen when you inhale.

Answer 14

• Ribcage moves up and out
• Chest volume increases
• Pressure in chest decreases
• Diaphragm contracts and moves down

Question 15

Describe the changes that happen when you exhale.

Answer 15

• Ribcage moves down and in
• Chest volume decreases
• Pressure in chest increases
• Diaphragm relaxes and moves up

Question 16

What type of structure is the diaphragm.

Answer 16

The diaphragm is a large muscle.

Question 17

Name 3 functions of the skeleton.

Answer 17

• Support
• Movement
• Protection
• Make blood cells

Question 18

What part of the skeleton makes blood cells.

Answer 18

The bone marrow in the centre of the bones makes blood cells.

Question 19

The average adult human has _______ bones.

Answer 19

206

Question 20

Which bone protects the brain?

Answer 20

Skull.

Question 21

Which bone protects the heart and lungs?

Answer 21

Rib cage

Question 22

Which bone protects the spinal cord?

Answer 22

Verterbrae bones

Question 23

Define a joint.

Answer 23

A joint is where two or more bones meet.

Question 24

What is the function of cartilage in a joint?

Answer 24

Cartilage covers the ends of bones. It acts as a shock absorber and stops the bones from rubbing together and wearing away.

Question 25

Which structure joins bone to bone.

Answer 25

Ligaments join bone to bone.

Question 26

Which structure joints muscle to bone.

Answer 26

Tendons join muscles to bones.

Question 27

What type of joint is present in the skull?

Answer 27

Fixed/fused joint.

Question 28

What type of joint is present at the shoulder?

Answer 28

Ball & socket joint.

Question 29

Muscles that act as pairs are called…

Answer 29

Antagonistic muscle pairs

Question 30

Name the antagonistic muscles that work together to raise and lower your lower arm.

Answer 30

Biceps and triceps of the upper arm.

Question 31

Describe how the biceps and triceps work together to RAISE your lower arm.

Answer 31

The biceps contracts and the triceps relaxes.

Question 32

What is the name of the upper thigh bone?

Answer 32

Femur

Question 33

Where is the humerus bone located?

Answer 33

In the upper arm.

Question 34

What is the scientific name for the collar bone.

Answer 34

Clavicle

Question 35

How do muscles cause movement.

Answer 35

Muscles pull on bones which pulls the bone towards the muscle.

Question 36

The stomach, small intestine and large intestine make up which organ system?

Answer 36

Digestive system

Question 37

The circulatory system is made up of 3 parts. What are they?

Answer 37

Blood, blood vessels and the heart.